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Eden High School Grade 10 Academic Science (SNC 2D1) Chemistry - Journal Assignment The Uses of Neutralization Introduction ist10_ch05.qxd 7/22/09 3:33 PM Page 212 As we have discussed, chemistry is a very important part of our lives because of its many applications. Though they can be toxic, acids and bases are commonly used chemicals in our society. In this assignment you will research and read about different ways that Acid-Base chemistry is connected to everyday life. You can use Chapter 5.2, internet research or other resources to complete the assignment. Assignment Suggested STSE Activity • arsenic into the environment, an eight-hectare tailings pond was capped with half a metre of crushed limestone (calcium carbonate) to raise the Read the following article and complete the questions. pH and reduce the amount of acid leaching. Acid leaching at this old a. Why was calcium hydroxide added to the (1) contaminated the water in the area with heavy metals goldriver? mine had b. Write a balanced skeleton equation for and thisthe reaction. (1) poison arsenic. B19 Inquiry Activity on page 214 1. c. Should acids be transported large distances? Why or why not? Give at least two reasons. (2) B16 STSE Science, Technology, Society, and the Environment Transporting Acids On March 30, 2007, two dozen cars of an Ontario Northland train jumped the tracks about 16 km north of Englehart, a community of about 1500 people north of North Bay, Ontario. Nine of the cars were carrying sulphuric acid. Over 100 tonnes (100 000 kg) of acid spilled into the Blanche River (Figure 5.26). This massive acid spill quickly killed fish and other organisms in or by the shores of the river. Health officials from Ontario’s Ministry of the Environment were also concerned that the drinking water for the people and livestock in the area would be contaminated. To monitor the damage caused by the acid spill, health officers immediately began to take water and soil samples at the spill site. To reduce the environmental impact, emergency response crews added kilogram amounts of lime (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2) to the river several kilometres upstream. Figure 5.26 Sulphuric acid was released into the Blanche River when tank cars overturned, spilling their contents. 1. Why was calcium hydroxide added to the river? Use a word equation and a skeleton equation in your answer. 2. Should acids be transported large distances? Why or why not? 2. Identify two other applications neutralization commonly seen in everyday life and answer the following questions for Activity B17 SkillofBuilder each example. (2 x 3 = 6) a. Describe why the process of neutralization is required in this situation.(2) Making an Inference b. What happens if this process is not used? (2) c. Write the word equation for will each specific neutralization. Include the base and salt In Activity B18, you be making inferences. An For each of theacid, following situations, writeproduced. an inference (2) 3. 4. inference is a conclusion made by analyzing facts. based on the given data. If there isn’t enough data to When you draw conclusions about the observations justify an inference, write a sentence to explain why. Acid rain is a problem in our modern society. you make in a scientific investigation, you are making a. Identify a specific Northern Lake that has documented issues with 1. The juiceacid storedrain. in the(1) back of the bottom shelf of inferences.for Anyour inference is a logical of facts, (1) b. Submit a reference research in analysis MLA format. the refrigerator is frozen. What can you infer about it can always be justified by those facts. the temperature in the refrigerator? c. According tosothis article: For example, an advertisement states that 20 out 1) Describe the local industries or other problems in the environmental have this.like (2) 2. Your cake comes outthat of the oven cause looking more of 25 people prefer Brand A cola over Brand B. Can 2) What steps have or are being taken to fix the problem? (2) than a light, fluffy cake. What can you a pancake you infer that 80 percent of all people prefer Brand A infer about the length of the baking time? cola? No, because you do not know how many people Though acid rain is of major concern inthese the Northern thatinLake Ontario and Lake 10 dentists recommend BrandErie X do not were interviewed or how people were Lakes, chosen. why is3.itEight same issues? Explain. toothpaste for reducing cavities. What can you Were(2) they chosen at random, or were they all regular infer about this toothpaste? buyers of Brand A cola? Without this information, there is not enough data to make an inference. 212 UNIT B Chemical Reactions have the