Download Oceanography

Oceanography
SEPTEMBER
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OCTOBER
NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
-Define
Oceanography
Bio, Chem, Physical,
Geo, Marine Policy
-Oceans
Importance
Future:
Natural Resources
Food Supply
Ice Age
Warm Water Content
CO2 Effect
Desalination
-Living Organisms
Marine Biology
What living things
Do?
Phylums and class of
living things
-Biological
Oceanography
What is it?
Ehrenberg, Forbes,
Bathybius Mystery
Challenger
Expedition
Instruments:
Plankton Net
Biological Dredge
Photography
Nansen Bottle
Tagging
Some Devices
-Sea Water
Physical properties
Environment
provided by sea water
Water pressure
Temperature
Salinity
-Life Zones
Division of Life
Zones
Ocean Environment
Euphotic Zone
Aphotic Zone
Benthic Zone
Bathyal
Abyssal
MARCH
-Define
Continental shelves,
Slopes, rise and
submarine canyons
Describe the feature:
-Continental sh elves
Types of shelves:
Glaciated
Un glaciated
Delta 5 (Mississippi
Delta)
- Continental Slope
- Continental Rise
- Submarine
Canyons
APRIL
-To be able to classify
different Pelagic
sediments
-Marine Sediment
-Pelagic Sediment
Types of Pelagic
Sediment:
a) Biogenous
Deposits
b) Inorganic
Deposits
c) Authigenic
Deposits
*Manganese
Nodules
*Phosphorite
Deposits
d) Volcanic
Deposits
(Krakatoa1883)
-History of Physical
Oceanography
a)Physical
Oceanography
b)History of
Oceanography
1.Greeks &
Phoenicians Study
2.Voyages of Cook,
Magellan, Drake and
Columbus
3.Ben Franklin
4.Maury - 1855
5.German Meteor
Expedition-1925
6.Johnson &Fleming
1942 published
work “The Ocean”
Describe the
instruments used
by the physical
oceanographer
-Nansen bottle
Bathythermograph
Measuring speed
and direction of
currents
-using ships drift
-drift bottles
-drogues
-telemetering
buoys
-free fall devices
Measurement of
overall ocean
circulation
Describe different
ocean vessels used
for studying the
wide range of
physical
characteristics of
sea water
FLIP
Challenger
Bathyscaphie
Bathysphere
-To be able to classify
Terrigenous Sediment
Types of Terrigenous:
Terrigenous Muds
Glacial Deposits
Slump Deposits
-Present objectives
a)Oceanic
circulation
b) Interrelationship
-Define the major
features of the
different Ocean
basins
Ocean Basins of the
World
-Atlantic Ocean
-Pacific Ocean
-Indian Ocean
-Arctic Ocean
MAY
-Describe different
types of waves
Types of waves and
their characteristics
-Sea Waves
-Swells
-Surf
-Internal Waves
-T sunami-Tidal
Waves
-Stationary Waves
Define and describe
the characteristics of
Tides
-Define Tides
-Causes of Tides
Measuring sound
Light in Sea Water
-Importance of
Light
Photosynthesis
Heats Ocean
Weather conditions
-Penetration of
Light
JUNE
Hadal
Ocean Community
Groups
Special features of
groups: Plankton
Mammals,
phytoplankton plants,
Algae, Blue, Green
Red, Brown, Green
Diatoms, Sargassum
-Description and
Function of:
Phylum of Protozoa,
Poriifera, Ctenophora,
Coelenterata,
Playhelminthes,
Bryozoa,
Trochelmihthes,
Brachiopoda,
Arthropods,
Molluska,
Chinodemns,
Chordates (Marine)
True Fishes:
Characteristicsmucus,
chromatophore,
countershading,
caudal fin, dorsal fin,
heart, circulatory
systems
-Marine mammals
-Controlling Plant
growth
Role of Plants
Adaptation of Plants
A biotic factors:
Salinity
Temperature
Light
-Factors that control
distribution of
animals and the food
cycle
Littoral
Intertidal Zone
Temperature
Food
Food cycle
-Marine Geology
History
Sea Floor (Maury)
Challenger
Expedition
Turbidities
Types of Deposits:
Rocks
Basalt
Coquina
Areas of Non
Deposition
-Define the
characteristics of the
different layers of the
earth
Layers/Thickness
a)Crust
b)Mantle
c)Outer Core
d)Inner Core
-Theory of
Continental Drift
Idea of
Continental Drift
Evidence of
Continental Drift
1) Magnetic
patterns
around the
Mid-Oceanic
ridges
2) Absence of
great amounts
of sediment on
the sea floor
3) similar mineral
deposits in the
Eastern part of
South America
with the
western part of
Africa
4) Animal living
in India are
native to
Africa
5) Fossils of
Marsupials in
North America
6) Fossils of
green plants in
the Antarctica
was once near
the equator
-Define Marine
pollution and list
forms of pollution
1)Marine pollution
2)Types of
Pollutants
3)Way pollutants
of the atmosphere
and the oceans
c) Prediction of
weather
Tides, surface
waves and
tsunamis
d)Studying
Circulation of
Man’s effects on
the Ocean
-Instruments used by
the Physcial
Oceanographer
Tools:
a)Nansen bottle
b)Bathythermograph
Define general
features of sea water
a)Define salinity
b)Measure salinity
c)Define Halocline
-Temperature
-Density
-Describe the causes
for ocean circulation
a)Interactions
between atmosphere
and the ocean
*Coriolis force
b)Thermo Haline
circulation
c)Define Antarctic
intermediate water
North Atlantic deep
water
Antarctic bottom
Water
d)Define upwellings
e)Topography
influence deep
ocean currents
-Characteristics of
Waves
-Causes of Waves
a)Wind generated
waves
b)Earthquakes &
Volcanoes
Describe and Define
parts of a wave
-wave length
-wave height
-crest
-trough
Describe movement
of a wave
German Meteor
Expedition
World War II
Glomar challenger
-Tools of the Marine
Geologists:
Corers
Gravity corer
Piston corer
Grab Samplers
Dredge
Magnetometer
Heat Probes
Seismic reflection
Seismic refraction
-Ocean Floor
Continental margins
Ocean basin
Coastal region
Shorelines
Beaches
Deltas
Estuaries
Lagoons
Marshes
Reach Ocean
a)rivers
b)man
c)atmosphere
d)accidents
e)cars/carbon
monoxide
f)agricultural
pollution
-Describe problems
caused by Domestic,
Industrial and
Agricultural pollution
Domestic:
a)Dumping in
coastal waters
b)Sewage
-swimming
unappealing
-clog filter
-decay
-Red Tide
Industrial:
a)metal buildup
b)plastic and
polystyrene
particles
Agricultural:
a)pesticides
(DOT, Aldrin and
Dieldrin pesticides)
-Define results of
Pollution from Oil,
Thermal and
exploit ation of
Minerals
Oil Pollution:
-major source of
pollution
-accidents/ships
-accidents/drilling
rigs
-organisms living in
coastal marshes are
destroyed
Radioactive &
Thermal Pollution
Pollution resulting
from exploitation of
minerals in the Ocean
-mining magnesium
nodules from ocean
floor brings up colder
waters
-reduce the
transparency of the
water –less
photosynthesis
of a wave
Why waves break
a)White caps
b)Breakers
S
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-Set up Aquarium
-Start cultures
for protozoa
-Field trips collecting
living organisms near
local waters
-Identification of
local algae
-Show movie
adaptive radiation of
the mollusks
-Describe internal
canal system in the
star fish/How does it
eat?
-Moviecharacteristics of
echinoderms
-List important
differences between
vertebrates and
invertebrates
-Food Web
-List sharks that are
man eaters
-Methods to hunt
sharks
-Perch Dissection
-Spawning habits of
fish
-colder water may
harm animals that
favor warmer water
-when mud settles it
will bury the benthic
organisms
-Describe the History
of Physical
Oceanography and
the present objectives
in this field
Physcial
Oceanography
History of
Oceanography
-Greeks and
Phoenicians Study
-Voyages of Cook,
Magellan, Drake and
Columbus
-Ben Franklin
drew first maps of
ocean
-1855-Maury
ocean currents to
winds
-1942-Johnson and
Fleming published
their work
“The Oceans”
-Students study cores
taken from the deep
sea
-Study of cores close
to shores of Long
Island-Study Project Moho
-Study of Plate
tectonics
-Using a diagram
showing the way
continents have
moved
-Students test local
waters for pollutants
-Students to measure
temperature of local
waters
-Students to measure
salinity of local
waters
-Students to measure
density of local
waters
-Students to create
conditions in tank for
ocean currents
resulting from:
Density
Winds
Convection
-Students measure the
wave length of some
local waves
(what causes the
wave length?)
-Students to keep a
chart of different
phases of the moon,
types of tides
-Students make direct
observations of tides
in local waters
(What will affect the
tidal range in local
area?)
-Make Corers
-Field trip to observe
coastal features
-Locate lagoon,
marshes, beaches
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