Download Advanced Physics 2015-2016

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Sem 1 Exam Review
Advanced Physics 2015-2016
1.
The slope of the tangent on a position-time graph equals the:
2.
The area under the curve on a velocity-time graph equals the:
3.
The graph below shows the velocity of each of two bodies as a function of time.
Name any quantities that must be the same for both of the bodies?
4.
An object moves back and forth, as shown in the position-time graph to the right.
At which points is the velocity positive?
5.
Use the graph below to determine the displacement of the object at the end of the first seven seconds.
6.
Use the graph below to calculate the velocity of an object during interval C.
7.
Use the graph below to determine which section of the graph represents a time interval when an object at rest.
8.
Use the graph below to determine the average velocity of an object during the first six seconds?
9.
Use the vector in the diagram below to determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of x and y:
⃗⃗⃗𝑦
⃗⃗𝑥
10. An object is accelerated from rest at the rate of 3.0 m/s2. After it has traveled 13.5 m, its velocity is:
11. The force required to accelerate a mass of 10.00 kg at 4.00 m/s2 is:
12. A man of mass 70 kg stands on platform scales in an elevator. Suppose the scales read 750 N. How is the elevator moving at that time?
13. Forces of 6 N and 8 N act on a frictionless puck with a mass of 3 kg at an angle of 900 with each other. What is the magnitude in
Newtons of the net force on the puck?
14. To convert a quantity from km/h to m/s, you must:
15. An object moves along the x-axis as shown in the diagram. At which point or points is the object at rest?
16. When velocity is positive and acceleration is negative, what happens to the object's motion?
17. A toy car is given an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s and experiences a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What is the final velocity after 6.0 s?
18. For an object moving along a trajectory, the vertical acceleration of the object ____ as the position changes.
19. In projectile motion, the rising and falling times of the object are equal if the launching position is ___ the landing position.
20. What is the value for the acceleration of objects in free fall?
21. Two tugboats have parallel towlines attached to the same barge. The tugboats are pulling in the same direction, both with a force
of 9 x 103 N. The net force in the direction of the towlines is:
22. If the force of gravity on a balloon is 3000 N, and the lift force provided by the atmosphere is 3300 N, in which direction is the
net force acting?
23. If it is known that a net force is acting on an object, then the object is most likely:
24. A wagon with a weight of 300.0 N is accelerated across a level surface at 0.5 m/s2. What net force acts on the wagon? (g = 9.8 m/s2)
25. Two students push on a sled. One pushes with a force of 30 Newtons east and the other exerts a force of 40 Newtons south, as
shown in the top view diagram below. Which vector best represents the resultant of these two forces?
26. The diagram below represents the relationship between velocity and time of travel for four cars, A, B, C, and D, in straight-line
motion. Which car has the greatest acceleration during the time interval 10 seconds to 15 seconds?
27. A car travels 90 meters due north in 15 seconds. Then the car turns around and travels 40 meters due south in 5.0 seconds.
What is the magnitude of the average velocity of the car during this 20-second interval?
28. An airplane originally at rest on a runway accelerates uniformly at 6.0 m/s2 for 12 seconds. During this 12-second interval, the
airplane travels a distance of approximately:
29. An object moves along the x-axis as shown in the diagram.
- During which interval(s) is the cart moving forward at constant speed?
- At which point(s) is the object at rest?
30. A 4.0 kilogram rock and a 10 kilogram stone fall freely from rest from a height of 1.00 meters.
After they fall for 2.0 seconds, the ratio of the rock's speed to the stone's speed is:
31. A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 20.0 meters per second from the top of a tower 60.0 meters high. What is
the initial vertical velocity of the ball?
32. A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 20.0 meters per second from the top of a tower 60.0 meters high. What is
the approximate total time required for the ball to reach the ground? [Neglect air resistance.]
33. A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 20.0 meters per second from the top of a tower 60.0 meters high. What is
the horizontal velocity of the ball just before it reaches the ground?
34. Calculate the component forces for weight in the diagram below. Then calculate net force if the force due to friction is 6 N.
35. The graph below represents the relationship between the forces applied to an object and the corresponding accelerations
produced. What is the inertial mass of the object?
36. A 2.0-kilogram mass weighs 10 Newtons on planet X. The acceleration due to gravity on planet X is approximately:
37. In the diagram below, a box is on a frictionless horizontal surface with forces F 1 and F2 acting as shown.
If the magnitude of F1 is greater than the magnitude of F2 then the box is:
38. The magnitude of the force that a baseball bat exerts on a ball is 50 Newtons. The magnitude of the force that the ball exerts on
the bat is:
39. If the sum of all the forces acing on a moving object is zero, the object will:
40. A series of unbalanced forces what applied to each of the two blocks, A and B. The graphs below show the relationship between
unbalanced force and acceleration for each block. Compared to the mass of block A, the mass of block B is:
41. The diagram below represents a block sliding down an incline. Which vector best represents the frictional force acting on the block?
42. The diagram below shows a horizontal 8.0 Newton force applied to a 4.0 kilogram block on a frictionless table. What is the
magnitude of the block’s acceleration?
43. Which of Newton’s laws best explains why motorists should buckle up?
44. A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet.
Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is:
45. A net force F accelerates a mass m with an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, than the acceleration will be:
46. A child’s toy is suspended from the ceiling by means of a string. The earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0
N. If this is the “action force,” what is the “reaction force?”
47. An object of mass m is hanging by a string form the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing down.
Describe the tension in the string.
48. Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on an inclined plane that makes and angle of 30 o with the horizontal.
Make a statement, which best describes their acceleration after being released.
49. A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 seconds. What is the average forward force on the car?
50. A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is accelerating
downward at 4.00 m/s2?
51. An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?
52. A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with an angle of 37° to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long
does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?
53. You are trying to cross a river that flows due south with a strong current. You start out in your motorboat on the east bank
desiring to reach the west bank directly west from your starting point. You should head your motorboat:
54. Your motorboat can move at 30 km/h in still water. How much time will it take you to move 12 km downstream, in a river
flowing at 6.0 km/h?
55. A boat, whose speed in still water is 8.0 m/s, is directed across a river with a current of 6.0 m/s. What is the speed of the boat as it
crosses the river?
56. The driver of a motorboat that can move at 10 m/s in still water wishes to travel directly across a river 1.6 km wide in which the
current flows at 5.0 m/s. How long will it take to cross the river?
57. A 40kg boy is playing with his 20kg sister who is sitting in a box on the floor. Starting from rest, he pushes the box with a
constant force. What is the direction of the net force?
58. A 40kg boy is playing with his 20 kg sister who is sitting in a box on the floor. Starting from rest, he pushes the box with a
constant horizontal force of 150 N for 2m and then jumps into the box, which moves at a constant speed for a given time period.
What is the net force during that given time period? (Momentum moved to 2nd Semester)
59. A basketball is dropped from a height of 1.5m above the floor of the gym. After it bounces, it reaches
a maximum height of 50 cm. On the diagram to the right, show the correct observed acceleration at
the top of the bounce by adding an arrow (or arrows).
60. The diagram below shows a block sliding down a plane inclined plane of known length from rest at angle with the horizontal.
What is the formula you can use to calculate the ideal (theoretical) acceleration of the block?
61. The diagram below represents a block sliding down an incline. Which vector best represents the observed acceleration acting on
the block?
62. The diagram below represents a block sliding down an incline. Which vector best represents the acceleration loss due to friction?
63. The diagram below shows the path of a car driving at 25 mph. The direction of the motion is shown by the arrows on the path.
- Add an arrow and label to identify the vector that represents the direction of its velocity at its current location.
- Make a statement that compares this car’s speed to its velocity.
- Is the car accelerating? Explain.
64. Describe a situation in which an object can travel with a constant speed of 5 m/s and still have an acceleration that is not zero.
65. Name the force responsible for maintaining the centripetal motion in each of the following situations:
a. car on a circular racetrack
b. satellite orbiting earth
c. ball whirled around in a circle on a string
66. Select the following graph that would best show the relationship if you label the x-axis as “Distance Between Objects” and
the y-axis as “Gravitational Force.” Explain your choice.
67. Use the following chart to answer the following questions.
a.
Calculate the force of gravity between the sun and Jupiter.
Mass (kg)
Sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
1.989x1030
3.311x1023
4.870x1024
5.976x1024
6.424x1023
1.899x1027
5.686x1026
8.689x1025
1.030x1026
radius of
planet (m)
6.960x108
2.439x106
6.052x106
6.378x106
3.398x106
7.190x107
6.033x107
2.615x107
2.475x107
radius of
orbit (m)
--5.790x1010
1.082x1011
1.496x1011
2.279x1011
7.783x1011
1.427x1012
2.871x1012
4.497x1012
b.
Calculate the force of gravity acting on a 135 kg astronaut on
the surface of Mars.
c.
Calculate the mass of a NASA exploratory rover on the surface of Venus if the force of gravity acting on it is 3600 N.
68. In the diagram below, the magnitude of the force on object at position 1 is shown. Draw a vector that realistically shows the
magnitude of the force on the same object when it is at position 2. …Explain why you drew the vector the way you did.
69. Draw a vector that identifies the direction of the force on this object in orbit at position A (in the diagram to the right).
Explain why you drew the vector this way.
70. Which of the vector diagrams below best represent the magnitude and direction of the force of
gravity on a planet at different locations of its elliptical orbit? Explain your choice.