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GEOGRAPHY
The study of Earth and its people
5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
•
•
•
•
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Location
Place
Human / Environment Interaction
Movement
Regions
LOCATION
• Absolute location
The exact location of a place on
the earth. Can be found using
lines of Latitude and lines of
Longitude.
Lines of Latitude are imaginary
lines that circle the globe from
east to west and are also known
as Parallels. Lines of Longitude
are imaginary lines that circle
the globe from north to south
and are also called Meridians.
• Relative location
Describing where a place is
based on the description of the
area surrounding it.
LOCATION continued
• Absolute location
The Prime
Meridian divides
Each line of Latitude and
Longitude is assigned a specific Earth into the
number represented in Degrees. Eastern
Hemisphere and
the Western
Certain degrees of latitude and
Hemisphere.
longitude are especially
important
for determining location. The
Equator is the line of latitude
The Equator
represented by zero degrees and divides Earth
the Prime Meridian is the line of
into the Northern
longitude represented by zero
Hemisphere and
degrees.
the Southern
W
E
N
Hemisphere.
S
Examples of absolute location
• Addresses
7171Glenridge Drive
Atlanta, GA 30328
•Specific latitudes and longitudes
33.73 degrees north latitude 84.38 degrees west longitude
•Place names
Saint Jude The Apostle
• Geographical name
Atlanta, GA, USA, North America, Planet Earth
Examples of Relative Location
• If I were in your neighborhood and you
didn’t know your address, how would you
help me find your home?
– What color is your house
– Any natural land marks?
Trees, Rivers, Lakes, Hills, etc.
– Any man made landmarks?
The Mall, Road Intersections, Bridges,
etc.
A-1
Early explorers
•
Early Cartographers, or map makers,
used relative location to map new
locations. Note that the mountains and
rivers have been used as land marks
to indicate the site of the new location.
Clay Tablet map from Ga-Sur, 2,500 B.C.
Clay Tablet map from Ga-Sur, 2,500 B.C.
Place
• Physical Features
Examples of physical features
include the climate and type of
terrain in the area.
• Human Features
Human features include the
number of people living in an
area, their daily lives, culture
and work they do.
Human/Environment Interaction
•
How people affect their environment
Pollution, Construction, Landscaping etc.
•
Characteristics of natural surroundings
Mountains, Plains, Swamps, Rivers etc.
•
Climate
Rainy, Arid, Humid, Frequently Cold
•
How environment effects people
Irrigation for dry regions
drainage of swamps/bogs
Man vs. Nature
• We are aware that nature has many effects on our lives.
- How does our environment effect our daily activities?
- In what ways do we depend on our environment?
- In what ways can our environment pose a danger to
us?
A3 c2
•
We also effect our environment.
- what are some positive and negative effects we have
on the environment.
- give examples of ways we have changed our natural
surroundings to improve our lives.
A4-HW
Movement
•
People- Migration
• Goods-
Import/Export/Trade
• Ideas- Language/Science/Religion/Ethics
Regions
•
Climate
Maps display many regions. These
regions are often marked on maps
using different colors, shapes and
symbols.
• Land
• Population
These colors and symbols often show
mountains, lakes, rivers and Plains.
A Plain is an area of flat land covering
a great distance.
• History