Download Crime and deviance 04

Crime and deviance 04
Explain, briefly, what
sociologists mean by informal
social control 2 marks
Ans
 1 mark for simple explanation.
 2 marks for clear explanation with reference to
informality . eg through unwritten rules and control .
eg through conformity (this means people are told
what to do by the media, school teachers, parents etc,
in an informal way they can’t use the law to tell you
what to do like the police can when the act formally).
Ques
 Identify and explain one possible
consequence of a high crime rate for
a community 3 marks
Ans
 1 mark for identification of appropriate consequence.
 2 marks for identification with some explanation.
 3 marks for identification with clear explanation in
terms of consequence for community. Likely reference
to, for example, environmental poverty – (where
everywhere is run down eg broken windows, graffiti);
climate of fear reducing social interaction- (this means
being afraid of going out especially at night or afraid of
going to school because of violence); lack of
community spirit; movement away (moving house to a
better neighbourhood).
Questions 05
Explain, briefly, what is meant by
social control
2 marks
Ans
 1 mark for simple explanation.
 2 marks for clear explanation with reference
to conformity to norms and means of
achieving this (this is where society limits
what you can do, it’s done through formal –
police, the law, prison sentences- and
informal-media, teachers, parents- social
control
Ques
According to statistics, women
commit fewer crimes than men.
Identify and explain one
reason why women are less
likely than men to commit
crimes.
 (3 marks)
Ans
 1 mark for identification of appropriate reason, e.g.
differences in social
 control/socialisation patterns; opportunity patterns.
 2 marks for identification with some explanation.
 3 marks for identification with clear explanation
explicitly linked to gender differences in crime.
Ques 06
The British Crime Survey is a
victim survey. Explain briefly what
is meant by a victim survey. (2
marks)
 1 mark for simple explanation.
 2 marks for clear explanation of individuals being
asked whether or not they have been the victim of
crime.
Identify and explain one
reason why individuals living
in rural areas might
experience more pressure to
conform than individuals living
in urban areas.
 (3 marks)
Ans
 3 marks for identification with clear
explanation explicitly linked to levels of
social control. What this means is
because you live in the countryside it’s
hard to visit local towns so you can only
mess around in your village so it’s easy to
control what young people do, as there’s
less places to hide, more people know
who you are, so they can call your
parents or report you to the police
Ques 07
 Explain briefly one way in which
individuals try to persuade others
to conform to their norms. (2 marks)
Ans
 1 mark for simple explanation or identification without
explanation.
 2 marks for clear explanation explicitly linked to
conformity to norms. This may be done by reference to
examples of forms of social control, what this means is
peer groups might pressure you to do what they do in
either a positive or negative way. So you could be in an
anti-school subculture so you mess around in school,
but also you could be in a positive group so you work
hard at school
Ques
Identify and explain one way in
which governments have tried
to reduce crime and anti-social
behaviour among young people
over recent years.
 (3 marks)
Ans
 1 mark for identification of appropriate way, eg Anti-
Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOS); curfews; fining
parents for the misdemeanours of their children;
exclusion zones. 3 marks for the above but with clear
explanation which shows how the above reduces
crime. So you might say ASBOS keep kids of the street
at night so they can’t cause trouble.