Download Geoscience Astronomy Formative on Stellar Evolution and

Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________
Geoscience Astronomy Formative on Stellar Evolution and Galaxies
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. What are binary stars?
a. stars like the Sun and Jupiter
b. pairs of stars held by gravity
2. What is a light-year?
a. the distance light travels in a year
c. pairs of stars held motionless by gravity
d. stars with two magnetic poles
c. the time it takes light to travel one
parsec
the distance from Earth to the Sun
the speed of light
d.
Many astronomers believe that black dwarfs
a. are hotter than white dwarfs
c. are more massive than white dwarfs
b. are more dense than white dwarfs
d. do not exist yet
A rapidly spinning neutron star that emits bursts of radio and optical energy is a
a. supernova
c. black hole
b. red giant
d. pulsar
Pulsars emanate from
a. Black holes
c. White dwarfs
b. Neutron stars
d. Electron degenerate cores
The most massive stars will collapse into
a. Neutron stars
c. White dwarfs
b. Black holes
d. Brown dwarfs
Radio waves leaking into space from Earth have now traveled a distance of approximately
a. 10,000,000 miles
c. 20 parsec (20 pc)
b. 65 light years
d. both “b” and “c”
The H-R diagram was created by
a. Harvey and Russel
c. Hersmeyer and Rothchild
b. Hertzsprung and Russell
d. Hershey and Ramseys
Stars of which color have the highest surface temperature?
a. red
c. yellow
b. orange
d. blue
The mass of a star can be determined by studying ____.
a. the wavelength of light emitted by the star
b. the color of the star
c. the distance between the star and Earth
d. binary star systems
The measure of a star’s brightness is called its ____.
a. magnitude
c. intensity
b. parallax
d. color index
b.
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12. If star A is farther from Earth than star B, but both stars have the same absolute magnitude, what is
true about their apparent magnitude?
a. Both stars have the same apparent magnitude.
b. Star A has the greater apparent magnitude.
c. Star B has the greater apparent magnitude.
d. Apparent magnitude is not related to distance.
13. The difference in the brightness of two stars with the same surface temperature is attributable to
their ____.
a. densities
c. ages
b. colors
d. sizes
14. A Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram shows the relationship between ____.
a. absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude
b. temperature and absolute magnitude
c. parallax and temperature
d. apparent magnitude and parallax
15. About 90 percent of stars on the H-R diagram are ____.
a. supergiants
c. white dwarfs
b. main-sequence stars
d. black holes
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16. According to Figure 25-1, which main-sequence stars are brightest?
a. the smallest
c. the hottest
b. the coolest
d. none of the above
17. Another name for the interstellar matter that will eventually form a star is ____.
a. supernova
c. black hole
b. red giant
d. nebula
18. Which force is most responsible for the formation of a star?
a. gravity
c. interstellar force
b. nuclear force
d. electromagnetic force
19. Massive stars terminate in a brilliant explosion called a ____.
a. red giant
c. neutron star
b. protostar
d. supernova
20. All stars, regardless of size, eventually ____.
a. turn into black dwarfs
c. run out of fuel and collapse
b. explode
d. become black holes
21. The sun is a ____.
a. black hole
c. main-sequence star
b. black dwarf
d. red giant
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22. What will be the final stage in the sun’s life cycle?
a. white dwarf
c. planetary nebula
b. red giant
d. black dwarf
23. Our galaxy is called the ____.
a. Local Group
c. Andromeda
b. Orion
d. Milky Way
24. Which of the following is NOT a type of galaxy?
a. nebular
c. spiral
b. irregular
d. elliptical
25. Which of the following indicates that the universe is expanding?
a. red shift of distant galaxies
b. red shift of the galaxies in the Local Group
c. blue shift of distant galaxies
d. blue shift of the Milky Way
26. According to the big bang theory, the universe began about ____.
a. 4.5 billion years ago
c. 49.6 billion years ago
b. 13.7 billion years ago
d. 130 billion years ago
27. The resistance of a star’s core to being squeezed will halt the collase of the core, and the core will
become a(n)
a. supernova
c. red dwarf
b. neutron star
d. protostar
Einstein’s equation E=mc2 helps scientists understand the Sun’s energy because the equation
a. describes nuclear fission
c. describes solar flares
b. explains how mass can be converted
d. explains a star’s specific wavelength of
into huge amounts of energy
light
What mechanism is used to determine the distance to very far off galaxies (which would be 9 to 10
billion years away)?
a. Parallax
c. Super nova comparison
b. Red Shift variation
d. Light speed variations
An expanding universe was first given good evidence by the work of
a. Einstein
c. Edwin Hubble
b. James Webb
d. Zwicky
Albert Einstein
a. embraced the idea of an expanding
c. believed the Universe was not changing
universe
b. believed in a contracting universe
d. believed that time closed the Universe
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32. A white dwarf star has stopped collapsing because of what?
a. Electron degerneration
c. Strong force repulsion
b. Neutron degeneration
d. Dark matter repulsion
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Geoscience Astronomy Formative on Stellar Evolution and Galaxies
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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B
PTS: 1
A
PTS: 1
D
PTS: 1
D
PTS: 1
B
PTS: 1
B
PTS: 1
D
PTS: 1
B
PTS: 1
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 701
25.1 Describe what astronomers can learn by studying star properties.
application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 701
25.1 Describe what astronomers can learn by studying star properties.
application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 703
25.3 List the factors that determine a star’s apparent magnitude.
knowledge
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 703
25.3 List the factors that determine a star’s apparent magnitude.
analysis
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 704
25.3 List the factors that determine a star’s apparent magnitude.
analysis
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 704
25.4 Describe the relationship shown on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
comprehension
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 704
25.4 Describe the relationship shown on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
comprehension
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 704
25.4 Describe the relationship shown on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
analysis
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 706
25.5 Identify which stage marks the birth of a star.
STA: 12.5.4.3
knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 708
25.5 Identify which stage marks the birth of a star.
STA: 12.5.4.3
evaluation
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 711
25.6 Explain why all stars eventually die.
STA: 12.5.4.3
knowledge
1
ID: A
20. ANS:
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C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 710
25.6 Explain why all stars eventually die.
STA: 12.5.4.3
application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 710
25.7 List the stages of the sun’s life cycle.
STA: 12.5.4.3
application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 712
25.7 List the stages of the sun’s life cycle.
STA: 12.5.4.3
application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 715
25.8 Describe the size and structure of the Milky Way Galaxy.
knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 717
25.9 List the ways in which galaxies differ from one another.
knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 719
25.10 Cite the evidence that indicates that the universe is expanding.
application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 720
25.11 Describe how the universe began according to the big bang theory.
12.5.4.1
MSC: knowledge
B
PTS: 1
B
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C
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C
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A
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