Download FXM Rev 2 Key - Grande Cache Community High School

Science 10
FXM Review #1 – Unit B
GCCHS
1) Important Vocabulary - Match the following word/phrase with the description below that it
best matches:
steam engine
kinetic molecular theory
specific heat capacity
vector
time
uniform motion
gravitational potential energy
efficiency
work
thermal energy
temperature
calorie
distance
speed
acceleration
“g”
kinetic energy
heat
thermodynamics
scalar
displacement
velocity
potential energy
gravity
scalar This type of quantity has magnitude but not direction. Time, speed,
distance, mass, work and energy are examples.
kinetic molecular This theory says that all substances are made of particles called molecules
theory that are always in motion. If you heat the substance, the molecules move
faster and if you cool it they move slower.
velocity This is a vector quantity that is a measure of the rate of change in
displacement. It is measured in m/s.
“g” This is acceleration due to gravity. We use the value of -9.81 m/s2 as the
constant for this quantity near the surface of the earth. This is a vector
quantity.
time This is a vector quantity that is a measure of the rate of change in
displacement. It is measured in m/s.
uniform motion An object with this type of motion is going a constant rate of velocity. It
is not speeding up, slowing down or changing direction. All forces acting
on this object are balanced. Acceleration is 0.
gravitational This is a type of stored energy. The object contains this because of its
potential energy position above ground level. It is measured joules (J).
efficiency This is the ratio of the useful output energy to total input energy
multiplied by 100.
work This involves applying a force to an object over some distance to transfer
mechanical energy. It is measured joules (J).
thermal energy This is the total energy contained in an object due to the continual
movement of its atoms and molecules. It is measured joules (J).
specific heat capacity This is a measure of how quickly an object will absorb and release energy.
J
It is measured in g oC.
calorie This is defined as the quantity of energy required to increase the
temperature of 1.0 g of water by 1oC.
potential energy This is the amount of stored energy in a substance. It may be related to an
object’s position, chemically stored energy or the object elastic energy. It
is measured joules (J).
speed This is a scalar quantity that is a measure of the rate of change in distance
travelled. It is measured in m/s.
acceleration This is a vector quantity that is a measure of the rate of change in velocity.
It is measured in m/s2.
vector This type of quantity has both magnitude and direction. Velocity,
displacement, force and acceleration are examples.
kinetic energy This is the amount of energy that a substance has due to its motion. It can
be calculated using Ek = ½ mv2. It is measured joules (J).
temperature This is a measure of the average kinetic energy of individual particles in a
substance.
thermodynamics This is the field of study that involves the transfer of thermal energy
between substances.
distance This is a scalar quantity that is a measure of how far an object has moved.
It is measured in m.
displacement This is a vector quantity that is a measure of the rate of change in
position. It is measured in m.
gravity This is a force of attraction between two objects. The strength of that
force is related to the masses of the objects and their distance apart.
heat This is the process of transferring thermal energy from one object to
another.
steam engine This is a machine that produces steam and then converts the steam
pressure to into mechanical energy.
2) You should be able to explain the relationship between work and energy.
3) You should be able to solve work problems using W = Fd.
4) You should be able to identify the two laws of thermodynamics.
5) You should be able to identify descriptions of electrical energy production by the following
methods: wind, hydroelectric, fossil fuel and nuclear.
6) You should be able to calculate uniform motion problems given any two of the three
d
variables in the formula, v= t , to calculate the 3rd.
7) You should be able to calculate kinetic energy problems given any two of the three variables
in the formula, Ek = ½mv2, to calculate the 3rd.
8) You should be able to calculate weight problems given any two of the three variables in the
formula, Fg = mg, to calculate the 3rd.
9) You should be able to calculate potential energy problems given any two of the three
variables in the formula, Ep = mgh, to calculate the 3rd
10) You should be able to calculate efficiency problems using, efficiency=
11) You should be able to name acids and bases, given their formula.
useful output energy
total input energy
x 100.