Download What do we call someone who makes maps?

What do we call someone who makes maps?
CARTOGRAPHER
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Maps
Political Maps - show boundaries of states, countries, counties, etc . . .
- These are man made boundaries
Physical Maps - show landforms (volcanoes, mountains, deserts,
grasslands, water, etc.)
- What you would naturally see if you were looking down from Space.
What is Geography?
Geography is the study of the Earth.
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What kind of map is this?
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What kind of map is this?
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Do Now: In your Soc. St. notebook . . .
A CARTOGRAPHER is someone who makes maps!
What is the shape of the Earth?
From mathematical considerations of the combined gravitational and centrifugal
forces which the earth experiences, Newton computed that the Earth's shape should be
an oblate spheroid , a solid formed when an ellipse is rotated about its axis (see
Figure 3). Expeditions to Peru in 1735 and to Lapland in 1736 confirmed this theory.
The difference in axes is about 1 part in 300. This means the earth's equatorial
diameter is 7,926 miles, while its polar diameter is 7,900 miles.
Although the difference between equatorial and polar diameters is only 26 miles, the
oblate shape of the earth complicates geographical matters.
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The Earth is divided into hemispheres . . .
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What are the differences between maps and globes?
Maps
Globes
+ Advantages
+ Advantages
- Disadvantages
- Disadvantages
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Five Themes of Geography
1. Location
2. Place
3. Human/Environmental Interaction
4. Movement
5. Region
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Where are you located?
Please be as exact as possible . . .
An alien who can speak english has landed in
Australia. You must explain step by step in your
Soc. St. notebook how to get to your spot/chair in
the classroom. Please be as detailed as possible and
you may not describe yourself.
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Do Now: Please label the world map
with continents and oceans!
If possible, please try to locate Putnam
Valley . . .
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1. Location: Where is it on Earth?
Absolute Location - a fixed point (latitude and longitude)
or an address
Example:
Latitude: 41.38 N, Longitude: 73.85 W
Example: 142 Peekskill Hollow Rd.
Putnam Valley, NY 10579
Relative Location - using landmarks to explain your point.
Example: I live four houses down from the stop light, near
the large pine tree.
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Latitude Lines - lines that run East to West but measure degrees
North and South of the Equator.
- We also call these parallels because they never touch!
Equator - the starting point at 0 degrees latitude. This line
divides the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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Longitude Lines - lines that run North to South but measure in
degrees East and West of the Prime Meridian.
- We also call these lines meridians.
Prime Meridian - the starting point at 0 degrees longitude.
- This line divides the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
- This line runs through Greenwich, England!
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Finding locations with Latitude and Longitude.
BrainPop - Latitude and Longitude.
MOVIE!
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N
W
E
S
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What makes this place different from that place?
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2. Place: describes the features that make one
place different from any other place.
These differences include . . .
- Landforms (natural features)
- Plants
- People
- Culture
- Animals
- Man-made structures
(buildings)
- Climate
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3. Region: a group of places that share a common
feature.
- Political Regions - the states of the U.S.
(share the same government)
- Climate Regions - the Hudson Valley Region (has the same
climate/weather)
- Location Regions - the Middle East (shares the same area on the
Earth) the Hudson Valley Region (shares the
location near the Hudson River)
- Cultural Regions - the Far East (shares beliefs and customs), the
Western World (shares similar cultures)
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4. Movement: explains how people, goods,
and ideas move from one place to another.
How do you get to a place? (transportation)
How do we move our ideas and goods?
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- People move by walking, using cars, trains, buses, planes,
boats, and bikes.
- Goods such as (clothing, food, furniture, toys, animals, jewelry,
wood, antiques, etc.) move by plane, trains, boat, and truck.
- Ideas (government, technology, culture, inventions) move by
internet, newspaper, television, and telephones.
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5. Human Environmental Interaction: explains
how the environment and humans affect each other.
- How humans influence or affect the environment:
- We cut down trees for lumber
- Hunting
- Littering
- Wars
- Pollution
- Blast through mountains
to make roads
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- How the environment influences or affects humans:
- Trees provide oxygen
- The climate affects the clothing we wear
- Poisons that exist in certain animals and plants
- Disease
- Natural disasters (floods, storms, tornadoes, hurricanes, etc.)
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