Download Properties of Natural Materials

Properties of Natural
Materials
Section 3.3 p. 319
Learning Outcome
•Investigate and describe the
role of different materials found
in plant and animal structures
Structure and Function in the natural World
• Structure and function go together
• Have you ever seen a Venus flytrap catch an insect?
• Works based on a systematic function of a number of structures to
accomplish its function
• Cilia hairs to trap it prey
• Trigger hairs to detect prey
• Digestive enzymes to help digest and take in nutrients
Materials in the Human Structure
• Your body is a structure with many unique materials that have
special properties to serve a specific purpose
Bones, Ligaments, and Cartilage of the Frame
Structure
• Bones are hard and rigid
• They form a structural frame that
is strong enough to support and
protect the human body
• Bones are connected by tissue
called Ligaments
• Ligaments are strong flexible
bands of connective tissue
• Cartilage is found at the end of
some bones
• It reduces friction, and provides a
smooth surface for movement
• It acts like a shock absorber
Muscles and Tendons
• Your body has over 656 muscles
• They are responsible for making your body move
• Made of semi fibrous material
• Contract (shorten to flex a muscle)
• Expand (lengthen to extend a muscle)
• You have different types of muscle tissue located throughout your body)
• They are attached to bones by Tendons
• Tendons are like ligaments (strong and flexible)
Joints
• Your body has different types of
Joints to allow for different types of
movement
• Ball and socket joints
• i.e. shoulders and hips, (allow for motion in
different directions)
• Hinge Joints
• i.e. knee, and elbows (allow for straight
back and forth motion)
• Pivot Joints
• Spinal column (allow you to turn)
• Immovable Joints
• Skull (doesn’t allow for movement)
Skin and Human Shell
• Skin along with the bones, joints and connective tissue, form a shell
and frame structure.
• Skin is tough, flexible material
• Provides shelter to the rest of the body (water proofs it and keeps harmful
bacteria out)
• Also helps to regulate body temperature through perspiration and shivering
Materials in a Tree’s Structure
• A tree trunk may seem to be made out of just one material (wood)
• Its actually composed of several layers of different materials
• Each has a specific Job
• Fig 3.17 p. 321