Download Animal Classification

Animal
Classification
Pictorial References
Page #
368
370
371
386
Figure#
18.1B
18.3A-D
18.4
18.15
Diagram
Gastrulation
Body Plans
Animalia Phyl. Tree
Chordates Phyl.Tree
9 Animal Phyla
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminths
Nematoda
Mollusca
6. Annelida
7. Arthropoda
8. Echinodermata
9. Chordata
Major Body Systems
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
Digestion*
6. Immune
Respiration*
7. Hormone
Circulation*
8. Reproduction
Excretory*
9. Skeletal
Nervous/Senses*
Generalized Chordate
Body Plan
Questions to Answer
1.  What is the function of this organ/system?
2.  What is the relationship of structure to
function? (i.e. how does the shape of this
structure assist in its function?)
3.  How does this system show adaptations
to the animal s environment?
Phylogenetic Tree (p.371)
Criteria for Classification
a. 
b. 
c. 
d. 
level of organization – no. of germ layers
symmetry – shape of body
body cavity – type of body cavity
embryonic development – formation of
digestive tract
e.  support – internal/external skeleton
f.  segmentation – compartments to body
Levels of
Organization
Day 1 "
(1)
Day 2"
Day 3"
Day 4"
Day 5"
Day 5"
Levels of
Organization
(2)
Day 9"
Day 16"
triploblasty
Body Symmetry (2)
1)  Asymmetry – no symmetry *sponges
2)  Radial symmetry – can be divided into equal
parts from top orientation *starfish
3)  Bilateral symmetry – can be divided into
halves lengthwise *worms, insects,
mammals
Image from : http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDiversity_7.html
Body Cavity (3)
•  acoelomate – no coelom (solid
mesoderm)
•  pseudocoelomate – coelom
surrounds cavity
(hydroskeleton)
•  coelomate – mesoderm
surrounds cavity (guts are separated)
Image from : http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDiversity_7.html
Body Support (4)
3 Types of Skeletons:
1.  hydrostatic – water-filled body cavity
*sea anemone
2.  exoskeleton – muscles attach to outer
covering made of chitin *crustaceans,
insects
3.  endoskeleton – muscles attach to inner
bones *vertebrates
a. cleavage
b. coelom
formation
c. blastopore
protostome –
mouth 1st deuterostome
– anus 1st
Protostome
Spiral Cleavage
Schizoceoly
Deuterostome
Radial Cleavage
Enterocoely
Embryonic Development
Determinate
If cells removed:
-  cannot
complete
development
Indeterminate
If cells removed:
-  can still
complete
development
endoderm – diges,ve & respiratory organs mesoderm – muscles, skeleton, circulatory & reproduc,ve & urinary organs, connec,ve ,ssue ectoderm – skin, CNS ectoderm – epidermis (skin upper layer) nerves
endoderm – digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive systems
mesoderm – muscles, skeletal, circulatory, excretory, dermis
STEM C______
ELLS…. Inner cell mass becomes the baby
STEM CELLS -­‐ source of all cell types How is the body organized? •  Cells à Tissues à Organs à Organ Systems à Organism Animal Classification Vocabulary
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
blastula
gastrula
blastopore
acoelomate
coelomate
pseudocoelomate
germ layers (ectoderm,
endoderm, mesoderm)
characteristics & examples of each:
•  porifera
•  nematode
•  cnidarian
•  mollusk
•  platyhelminth
•  annelid
8.  radial & bilateral
symmetry
9.  protostome
10.  deuterostome
11.  radial or spiral cleavage
12.  segmentation
13.  amniote
14.  cephalization
15.  tissue organization
•  echinoderm
•  arthropod
•  chordate