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Term Definition Example Biosphere Everywhere life exists Planet Earth Biodiversity Variety of life. Tropical Rain Forests and Coral Reefs Species Group of organisms so similar that they can breed and produce fertile offspring. Homo sapiens Orcinus orca Tursiops truncatus Biology The study of all forms of life. Bacteria -> Blue Whale Organism Individual living thing YOU!!!!! Cell Basic unit of life. Unicellular or multicellular-> bacteria to a blue whale. Metabolism Chemical process that breaks down or builds up materials. ENERGY = ATP Term Definition Example DNA Genetic Material System An organized group of related All of your organ parts that work together to form systems work together a whole. so that you can function. Ecosystem Environment made up of living and non-living things (abiotic and biotic factors). Abiotic= rocks, sand, water, sun Biotic= plants and animals Homeostasis Maintain constant internal conditions. BALANCE. Body temp.= 98.6 F / 37C Evolution Change in a species over time. Fossils, comparative anatomy, DNA Adaptation An inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage and is passed to future generations. Can be physical or behavioral. Fingerprints Webbed feet in ducks, wings, sharp teeth, whiskers, long beak, stripes, aerodynamic body. Term Definition Example Autotrophs Make their own food through sunlight. Plants- photosynthesis Chemoautotrophs Make their own food through chemosynthesis (ATP is synthesized by using chemicals instead of sunlight). Deep sea hydrothermal vents ecosystems- hydrogen sulfide. Heterotrophs Rely on others for food and energy. Humans- cellular respiration. Abiotic Nonliving factor in an ecosystem. Sunlight, temperature, nutrients, pH, water Biotic Living things Plants, animals, fungi, bacteria Term Definition Example Sexual Reproduction Two parents, requires both sperm and egg, offspring are genetically different. YOU! Asexual Reproduction Only one parent, offspring is genetically identical to the parent. Budding= Hydra Fragmentation= Sea star Binary Fission= Bacteria Budding A small projection grows Hydra and yeast on the surface of a parent organism, forming a separate individual. Fragmentation Parent organism splits into Sea Stars and flatworms pieces, each of which can grown into a new organism. Binary Fission Asexual reproduction of a single celled organism by division into two roughly equal parts. Bacteria
