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Reading Activities and Notes Chapter 1 Section 2 Comprehension Exercise Directions: Record the notes that are posted around the room. When finished recording the notes, use these notes and the text book to complete the following items. Answer questions 2-9 in complete sentences. 1. In your own words, define the following terms found in the chart below. In the far right column, write the perspective that would be most likely to use this word. Term Definition Dysfunctional Not working in a satisfactory or successful way Show clearly a special activity or purpose of a person or thing Existing but not yet very noticeable, active or well developed activity or purpose A person, an object, an event that represents a more general quality or situation Containing symbols that involves people working together and having an influence on each other Most suitable class or group of people or things that share particular qualities or features and are part of a larger group Strong feeling of understanding and care about somebody’s problems and knowing the reason to their actions Attitude that holds that societies develop gradually from simple to complicated form Manifest Function Latent Function Symbol Symbolic Interaction Ideal Type Verstehen Social Darwinism Perspective Functionalist Functionalist Functionalist conflict conflict Interactionist Interactionist Interactionist 2. What were the social and political changes that were the result of growing cities? In the growing cities many people seek work but jobs are not available. There is shortage of housing, crime increased and pollution becomes a major problem. 3. How did scientists attempt to understand these rapid changes? Scientists speculated that the physical world operated according to systematic properties and laws. 4.What were the topics of interests for the five early sociologists? The topics of interests for the five early sociologists were : society as influenced by how its economy is organized, systematic application of the methods of science to the study of society, separate groups within society, society as a set of interdependent parts that work together to maintain the system overtime. 5. What do the three theoretical perspectives study, and which of the founders of sociology is connected to which perspective? Functionalist -Auguste Comte -Herbert Spencer -Emile Darkheim view society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. Reading Activities and Notes Interactionist Max Weber focuses on how individuals interact with one another in a society. Conflict Karl Marx focus on the forces in society that promote competition and change. 6. How did Herbert Spencer’s belief in the survival of the fittest influence his view of social unrest? Herbert. Spencer believed that only the fittest society would survive over time, leading to general up grading of he world as a whole. 7. Below is a chart that contains the types of perspectives and issues that sociologists study. In the appropriate box, explain how that perspective might examine or study the issue. See page 3 for more description concerning these three issues. Issues Internet’s effect on Society Marriage life Crime Functionalist Majority of the people rely on the internet for faster communication Love and devotion to a family Crime watch within the society through the help of law enforce Conflict There is widespread fraud ad false beliefs Interactionist concern citizen formed a group to stop the flow of false information When a spouse commit infidelity Marriage counseling when crime is unattended Concern group organize to be crime busters 8. Review your answers in the chart above. Are some issues better to study with one perspective and maybe not as good with other perspectives? Explain. I believe that functionalist and interactionist are good to study together because there may be solution to every problem of the society in a much broader aspect. 9. Which of the three theoretical perspectives do you think is the best? Explain why you believe this. Functionalist as a theoretical perspective is the best because interrelated parts can work together for a more stable system.