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IUPAC NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Chart 1
Binary compounds
Polyatomic compounds Acids
(many elements present) (that donate H+)
(only two elements)
Only ionic compounds are to
be studied here. Cation or
anion or both could be one of
the many listed on chart 4.
Binary molecular or binary covalent
(two nonmetals)
Binary ionic
(metal ion with nonmetal ion )
Remember the total charge of ionic compound
is zero.
Metal ion has a
Metal ion with variable
fixed charge
charges
Remember there is no charge on the nonmetals in
molecular compounds
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
RULE:
RULE:
RULE:
RULE:
Name of the metal
followed by part of
the nonmetal name
with ‘ide’ added to
it. (refer to chart 2)
Name of the metal
followed by its charge
per ion in roman
numeral in parentheses,
followed by part of the
nonmetal name with
‘ide’ added to it.
First element’s prefix followed by
first elements name,
2nd element’s prefix,
part of the 2nd element’s name with ‘ide’ added to it.
(for a list of the prefixes and its exceptions refer to
text book)
Name of the polyatomic ions
written as such.
For monoatomic ions,
i) the metal ion’s name is
written as the name of the
element.
ii) the nonmetal ion is written
with part of the nonmetal
name with ‘ide’ added to it.
Examples:
Type 1
MgCl2
CaO
Na3N
magnesium chloride
calcium oxide
sodium nitride
Type 2
FeO
CuCl
HgI2
iron(II) oxide
copper(I) chloride
mercury(II) iodide
Type 3
P2O5
CO
CO2
diphosphorus pentoxide
carbon monoxide
carbon dioxide
These can be binary
or polyatomic, but
are classified based
on if they contain
oxygen or not. Refer
to chart 3 for the
rules for acids
Type 4
NH4Cl
ammonium chloride
(cation is polyatomic)
Na2SO4
sodium sulfate
(anion is polyatomic)
(NH4)2CO3
ammonium carbonate
(both ions are polyatomic)
CHART - 2
Nonmetal
bromine
chlorine
fluorine
part of nonmetal name
+ide
bromide
chloride
fluoride
Nonmetal
part of nonmetal name
+ide
hydride
iodide
nitride
hydrogen
iodine
nitrogen
Nonmetal
part of nonmetal name
+ide
oxide
phosphide
sulfide
oxygen
phosphorus
sulfur
CHART - 3
ACID NOMENCLATURE
Contain oxygen?
Yes, then it is an oxy acid
Check the ending of negative ion
Ends in ‘ate’
Ends in ‘ite’
follow this rule
(Do not start with hydro)
Part of the negative ion’s name(except S and P)
+ ic acid
No
Follow this r ule
hydro + part of the anion name
(except S)
+ ic acid
Part of the negative ion’s name ( except S and P) + ous acid
CHART -4
POLYATOMIC IONS WITH (-) CHARGE
(1-) CHARGE
HYDROXIDE
NITRATE
CHLORATE, BROMATE,
CYANIDE
ACETATE
NITRITE
CHLORITE,
HYPOCHLORITE ,
BROMITE,
PERCHLORATE
IODATE
IODITE
PERMANGANATE
HYDROGEN SULFATE
HYDROGEN SULFITE
HYDROGEN CARBONATE
DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2-) CHARGE
OXALATE
CARBONATE
SULFATE
CHROMATE
DICHROMATE
SULFITE
THIOSULFATE
( O ATOM IS REPLACED BY S ATOM)
MONOHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3-) CHARGE
PHOSPHATE
ARSENATE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
POLYATOMIC IONS WITH + CHARGE: ammonium: NH4 + and mercury (I) : Hg2 2+
4
Exercise:
I.
1.
2.
3.
Write down the names and formulas of compounds formed from the following pairs of elements using the rule for each type of compound.
Pair
Type
Formula
Name
Potassium and
hydrogen
Potassium and sulfur
4.
Potassium and
nitrogen
Sodium and carbon
5.
Calcium and hydrogen
6.
Magnesium and sulfur
7.
Magnesium and
nitrogen
Aluminum and carbon
8.
9.
10.
11.
Copper(II) and
chlorine
Copper(II) and oxygen
12.
Copper(II) and
nitrogen
Copper(II) and carbon
13.
Iron(III) and bromine
14.
Iron(III) and sulfur
15.
Iron(III) and nitrogen
16.
Iron(III) and oxygen
5
II.
Write down the formulas/names of the following compounds after writing down the type of compound.
Compound
Type
Formula/Name
17. P2O3
18.
SO3
19.
Carbon tetrachloride
20.
Dichlorine heptoxide
21.
Ammonium sulfate
22.
Lithium carbonate
23.
Aluminum sulfite
24.
Calcium bromate
25.
Ammonium nitrite
26.
Potassium phosphate
27.
Barium hydroxide
28.
Potassium permanganate
29.
Sodium dichromate
30.
Cu(CN)2
31.
Sodium oxalate
32.
Fe (S2O3)
33.
Calcium acetate
34.
Magnesium hypochlorite
6
III.
1.
Give the names of the following acids:
Formula
type
HI
2.
HCN
3.
H2S
4.
HF
5.
HBr
IV.
Name
1.
Give the names and formulas of the acids that contain the following anions:
Anion
Formula of anion
Formula of acid
Acetate
2.
Carbonate
3.
Sulfate
4.
Nitrate
5.
Phosphate
6.
Sulfite
7.
Nitrite
Name of acid
7