Download Ch. 29 contd., Ch. 30, and Ch. 35 1. Are the following haploid or

Ch. 29 contd., Ch. 30, and Ch. 35
1. Are the following haploid or diploid:
-gametophyte-haploid
zygote-diploid
spore-haploid
sporophyte-diploid
archegonia-haploid
integument-diploid
megasporangium-diploid
seedling-diploid
antipodal cells-haploid
endosperm-triploid
2. You are observing the lifecycle of a moss. You confirm that a zygote is present in an
arechegonium. What happened in the previous step of this lifecycle to lead to this zygote?
Answer with a detailed explanation or a diagram.
The presence of a zygote in the archegonia tells us that fertilization just occurred in
the previous step. Since we are looking at the life cycle of the moss, we can confirm
that a separate male gametophyte release sperm from its antheridia. This sperm
swam through a film of moisture to reach an egg in the archegonium resulting in
fertilization. The product of this fertilization is the zygote present in the
archegonium being observed.
3. List a few differences between the moss life cycle and the fern life cycle:
The spore of a moss initially develops into protonemata which does not happen in a
fern life cycle. In the fern life cycle, the mature sporophyte contains clusters of
sporangia called sori . The fern life cycle has a free living sporophyte that is not
dependent on a gameophyte.
4. What is the difference between sori and strobili?
Sori just refers to clusters of sporangia distributed on a sporophyll. Stobili refers to
groups of sporophylls that group together in a cone like formation.
5. In the life cycle of a pine, more than one egg will be produced from multiple
arechegonia in the ovule. If multiple eggs are fertilized, will each zygote develop into an
embryo?
No, normally only one zygote will develop into an embryo.
6. Inside of a pollen grain initially only a tube cell and generative cell are present. Where
do the two sperm cells come from?
This question is referring to the pollen grain of an angiosperm. The generative cell
will divide and form two sperm.
7. Tell the function of each of the following cells in the embryo sac (female gametophyte)
of the flowering plant:
egg: Is the female gamete. Combines with sperm to form a zygote.
synergids: Help attract pollen tube to the embryo sac
antipodal cells: Unknown function
central cell/ polar nuclei: Sperm combines with its 2 nuclei to form the triploid
endosperm, which feeds the developing embryo.
8. Determine whether the following characteristics belong to a monocot or a dicot:
parallel veins in the leaf: monocot
presence of a taproot: dicot
vascular tissue scattered in stem: monocot
floral organs in multiples of three: monocot
9. What exactly is a fruit?
A fruit is a mature ovary that contains seeds.
10. What is the difference between a rhizoid and a rhizome?
A rhizoid is a “root” like strand of tissue that acts as an anchoring system for
nonvascular plants and ferns (pterophytes). A rhizome is a horizontal shoot that
grows below the surface and other vertical shoots will grow from this buds on this
rhizome.
12. A tree inhabits a swampy environment. The soil in this environment is very muddy
and water logged. What root system will this tree likely use?
Pneumatophores
13. You are walking through the woods and you find a plant. You discover that this plant
as a sporophyte dominant life cycle. It can also be determined that its gametophyte is
microscopic. What type of plant could this be?
A. Phylum Hepatophyta
B. Seedless Vascular Plant
C. Hornwort
D. Coniferophyta