Download Space Science Chapter 4 Reading Guide BIG IDEA: Our Sun is

Space Science Chapter 4 Reading Guide
BIG IDEA: Our Sun is billions of stars in one of billions of galaxies in the universe.
Vocabulary
Fusion:
Convection:
Corona:
Sunspot:
Solar Wind:
Light-year:
Parallax:
Nebula:
Main Sequence:
Neutron Star:
Black Hole:
Quasar:
Section 1 : Key Concept: The Sun is our local star.
1. The Sun is the only star in our solar system. It contains 99.9% of the entire solar
system. The Sun consists mostly of hydrogen gas. How is energy produced from hydrogen?
2.
In the diagram below, write the missing labels for the layers of the Sun.
12-
3-
4-
5-
6-
7a.
b.
c.
d.
Which layers are in the Sun’s interior?
Which layers are in the Sun’s atmosphere?
Why is the photosphere often called the Sun’s surface?
Why is the corona NOT normally visible?
3. What do sunspots do as the Sun rotates
4. What are eruptions of hot gas near sunspots?
5. What protects the Earth from solar wind?
6. What happens when particles from the solar wind enter the upper atmosphere?
Section 2: Stars change over their life cycles.
1.
Characteristics of Stars: Fill in the rest of the sentence
a. All stars are balls of
glowing____________________________________________________.
b. ________________________ and___________________________
determine how bright a star appears from Earth.
c. Stars range in size from______________________________down to
__________________________.
d. The ______________ of a star is determined by its
__________________________________.
2. How do astronomers use parallax to measure distance to stars?
3. What color are the coolest stars? What color are the hottest stars?
4. How do stars form inside a nebula?
5. Draw simple diagrams to show the life cycles of lower-mass stars and higher-mass stars.
(Use pg 127)
6. Use a double-bubble map to compare and contrast neutron stars and black holes.
7. Why do astronomers need to use special methods to detect star systems?
8. Why are star systems important to astronomers?
Section 3 :Galaxies have different sizes and shapes
1. The Milky Way is shaped like a disk with a _________________________ in the center.
2. You see the galaxy as a band across the sky because
_______________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_____
3. The Milky Way contains
______________________________________________________.
4. Describe the movement of objects in the Milky Way.
5. What is a spiral galaxy?
6. Below each picture, write the kind of galaxy shown.
a. Circle the galaxy above that contains the youngest, bright stars.
b. Draw a square around the type of galaxy that is smaller than other types and
contains fewer stars.
7. What is a quasar?