Download Introduction to Cells.key

Introduction to Cells
Learning Objectives
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We will learn the 3 statements made by Cell
Theory
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We will contrast the two types of cells.
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We will review the basic structure of animal and
plants cells
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We will review the structures that are unique to a
plant cell.
History of Thought on Cells
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1660’s Early Microscopes; Bacteria observed
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1838 Understood that all plants are made of Cells
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1855 Understood that all animals are made of
Cells
The 3 statements of Cell
Theory
1) All Living Things
are Made of Cells
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If it is living it is
made of cells, from
a blue whale to a
bacteria
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It may be made of
one cell or millions
of cells
2) Cells are the
Basic Unit of Life
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If you divide a cell into its
parts, the parts will not
meet all the
characteristics of a living
thing. (They will not even
continue to live for very
long)
3) Cells come from Cells
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Life does not
spontaneously arise
from the air or
something else. They
are produced by
preexisting cells.
The Two Cell Types
Two Main Types of Cells
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Prokaryotic Cells!
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NO nucleus or
organelles (except
ribosomes which have
no membrane)
Two Main Types of Cells
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Eukaryotic Cells!
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Have membrane bound organelles (like the
nucleus)
Plants, animals
and Fungi
are all made
of eukaryotic cells
A Basic Animal Cell
Cytoplasm
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The liquid
part of the
cell
Organelles
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The structures in the
cell
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Means “little organs”
Nucleus
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The brain or
control center
of the cell
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Contains the
genetic
information of
the cell
Cell Membrane
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The thin
flexible
layer that
encloses
the cell
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Controls
what leaves
and enters
the cell
Mitochondria
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The
powerhouse
of the cell
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Sugar is
changed into
a form of
energy the
cell can use
Ribosomes
•
“The little dots”
is what the
arrow is
pointing to
•
This is where
proteins are put
together
Basic Plant Cell
Plant Cells have structures not found in animal cells
Cell Wall, Chloroplasts and Central Vacuole
Basic Plant Cell
The cell wall is outside the cell membrane.
It is a rigid structure that protects the cell
and helps the cell keep its shape
Basic Plant Cell
The central vacuole is a large organelle
that stores water for the plant cell
Basic Plant Cell
The chloroplast captures the energy of sunlight
and converts it into sugar.
This is photosynthesis.
Review Questions
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What are the three things cell theory tells us?
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What are the two types of cells?
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What are the basic organelles in an animal cell?
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What three structures are unique to plant cells?
The End