Download World War II Study Guide Vocabulary: 9. Goals of World War II Goals

Name: ________________________________________ #: _________________ Test Date: March 10, 2017
World War II Study Guide
Vocabulary:
1. Dictator - ​a ruler that has complete control over a country
2. Allied Powers - ​United States, France, Great Britain (United Kingdom/Britain), and the Soviet Union
3. Axis Powers - ​Germany, Italy, and Japan
4. Manhattan Project - ​secret group created by FDR to build the atomic bomb
5. Rationing - ​dividing food so Americans could send more resources/supplies to troops
6. Penicillin - ​medicine created to treat infections and prolong the lives of soldiers
7. Tuskegee Airmen - ​first African American military pilot group
8. Segregation - ​people that are separated from others based on color of skin, religion, or other beliefs
9. Goals of World War II
Goals of World War II
Hitler
Japanese
●
Wanted to take over all of
Europe and then the rest
of the world
●
Wanted to show that the
German race was superior
(better) than everyone else
●
Wanted to control the Far
East for access to natural
resources
Allied Powers
●
Stop and defeat the Axis
Powers from invading
other countries
10. Leaders:
Leader
Country
Allied or Axis Powers
Job/Occupation
Adolf Hitler
Germany
Axis Powers
Dictator of Germany, Leader of the
Nazi’s
Benito Mussolini
Italy
Axis Powers
Dictator of Italy
Hideki Tojo
Japan
Axis Powers
Leader of Japan, told military to drop
bombs on Pearl Harbor
Winston Churchill
Britain
Allied Powers
Prime Minister of Great Britain,
asked FDR for assistance
Franklin D. Roosevelt
United States
Allied Powers
President of the U.S., declared war
on Japan after Pearl Harbor,
organized the Manhattan Project
Joseph Stalin
Soviet Union
Allied Powers
Dictator of the Soviet Union
Causes and Events:
11. Why did Hitler want to take over Europe and eventually the rest of the world?
Hitler was unhappy that the Treaty of Versailles made them pay back quite a bit of money while they also lost
some of their land. He wanted to take back that land and show that Germany can be powerful.
12. Why was the Battle of Britain a key victory for the Allied Powers?
The Allied Powers first victory against Germany was during the Battle of Britain. This marked the FIRST loss
for Hitler and his army.
13. Describe the events that took place in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii?
On December 7, 1941, Japan, without warning, bombed Pearl Harbor. Because the United States didn’t expect
it, many ships were sunk and lives were lost. The FDR and the United States declared war on Japan the
following day.
14. When did Germany (along with most of the Axis Powers) finally surrender?
Germany and the majority of the Axis Powers surrendered during the invasion of Normandy, known as D-Day.
However, Japan continued to fight until ‘all was lost’.
15. Which strategies did the Allied Powers use while in the European Theater?
The Allied Powers used air raids (attacks by airplanes) to drop bombs on the enemy (mainly German)
16. Explain the island-hopping strategy that the U.S. used in the Pacific Theater.
Japan tried to control as many islands as possible in the Pacific Ocean. Once Japan had bombed Pearl
Harbor, the United States took over these islands one by one. Each island was used as a ‘pit stop’ for the
military because they would run out of fuel before they reached Japan.
17. Explain the key roles that Truman played in World War II.
After FDR had passed away, Harry Truman became the 33rd President of the United States. He was left with
the tough decision to drop the bombs on Japan (which he soon agreed to do). He later desegregated the
military saying that African Americans no longer had to fight in groups by themselves.
Effects of World War II:
18. How did the view of African Americans change from the during the war to after the war?
African Americans were originally not allowed to fight during the war. African Americans demanded that FDR
give them wartime jobs. When he did, their jobs were often less important and they had to be separate from
the rest of the troops. After the war, Truman desegregated the military.
19. Explain the hardships that Japanese Americans had to go through during the 1940s.
Japanese Americans suffered the worst discrimination during WWII. Americans saw them as the people that
bombed Pearl Harbor and put them into internment camps. Many Japanese Americans weren’t given the
chance to prove their loyalty to the United States.
20. What happened to Germany after WWII had finished?
Germany was divided into 4 zones, all controlled by the Allied Powers. West Germany was controlled by the
United States, France, and Britain. East Germany was controlled by the Soviet Union. The German capital of
Berlin was also split into these 4 zones.