Download nuclear fusion 1112

9/24/2012
Objectives
Nuclear Fusion & Fission
• To compare and contrast nuclear fusion
and nuclear fission
• To describe what at atom is made of
• To describe the process how all atoms
were created
How new atoms are made!
Atoms & the Periodic Table
• All matter is created up of
atoms. An atom is the
smallest particle of an
element that has all of the
properties of the element.
– An atom of gold, 5 grams
of gold, and a bar of gold
will have all the same
properties
Periodic Table
Mass = protons + neutrons
• The name of an element is The atomic mass is the number with
determined by the number the decimal. It is always larger
of protons it has.
than the atomic number
• Atomic # = # Protons
The atomic mass is equal to the
• 42 protons it is element 42 number of protons + neutrons.
and called Molybdenum
How are atoms made?
• Our universe was formed
when a massive explosion
sent all matter in the universe
out in all directions. This is
called the Big Bang.
• The energy from this
explosion caused protons,
neutrons, and electrons to
form.
• The energy also caused
protons, neutrons, and
electrons to be put together
to form the first atom. The
first two atoms were called:
Nucleosynthesis
• If you have a high temperature and
a large amount of energy, you can
force 2 atoms of hydrogen together
to make a new, larger atom.
• Nucleosythesis or nuclear fusion
is the process where you force 2
atoms together to make one, larger
atom.
Hydrogen
Atoms
Helium
Atom
– Hydrogen (#1)
– Helium (#2)
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9/24/2012
Where does nuclear fusion
occur?
Nucleosynthesis
• Nucleosynthesis
Hydrogen Atom
requires large
1 proton
temperatures and a
1 neutron
large amount of
energy.
• Stars are the only
places that have
enough energy and
high enough
temperatures. All
atoms are created in
stars.
• New atoms are made
Hydrogen Atom
by adding 2 smaller
1 proton
ones together.
2 neutrons
Helium
Atom
2 protons
2 neutrons
Nuclear fusion occurs in the sun ands
generate enough energy to power the
solar system
• All stars, at some point in their life, will
use nuclear fusion for energy.
• Fusion reactions release very large
amount of energy, but require
extremely high temperatures to start.
• Nuclear fusion is how all elements
bigger than Hydrogen, were made in
stars.
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