Download University Memo on Minimum Age of Criminal Liability

25 January 2017
Memo to
:
The University Community
Subject
:
Minimum age for criminal liability
Today, 25 January 2017, the House of Representatives Sub-Committee on Correctional
Reforms held a closed-door meeting to discuss the bills which seek to lower the
minimum age for criminal liability from 15 years old to a mere nine years old.
Subsequently, the sub-committee decided to convene a technical working group to
deliberate on the issue further.
The possibility of holding a nine-year old criminally liable finds its roots in the Revised
Penal Code which was passed in 1930. Congress is contemplating returning to an
outdated standard set almost 90 years ago.
Such a retreat would ignore decades worth of research in child and adolescent
development, psychology, neurobiology and the social sciences.
You don’t even have to be a neuroscientist to know that "children are not little adults."
Children and adolescent brains, particularly the areas dealing with impulse control,
decision-making and long-term planning, are still in the process of formation. Alongside
the neurological changes is the development of a child’s conscience, which is also
constantly growing.
Given that a child’s development, both physically and emotionally, is still in flux, it
would be foolish to hold children to the same standard as adults. Placing children in the
same facilities as adults (as it was under the old law), subverts whatever hope we have
for reform and rehabilitation.
Fortunately, current Philippine law takes pains to focus on the rehabilitation of children
in conflict with the law instead of incarcerating them. Even when adolescents are jailed
they are required to be held in separate facilities from adult offenders. The current state
of the law reflects a progressive understanding of child and adolescent development. It
balances the needs of justice alongside the equally pressing need to provide an
opportunity for a child to develop and grow to become a productive member of society.
The law does not need to be changed. Let us spend more energy and resources on
getting children educated, raised in homes of love and safety, capable of entering the
workforce in adulthood. Let us invest ourselves instead in providing all Filipino children
with what they need to flourish and succeed.
The University does not support lowering the minimum age of criminal liability. As an
institution tasked in the formation of young people, as an institution that takes care of
students as young as six years old, we vehemently oppose such a move to criminalize
children. The Ateneo de Manila will be more than glad to work with our legislators in
sharing our knowledge based on the research and work that we do with children.
We remember Christ’s affection for the little ones and we take to heart his admonition to
the grown-ups: “Let the little children come to me, and do not stop them; for it is to such
as these that the kingdom of heaven belongs.”
Let us take our children to school. Let us accompany them to God. Let us not bring them
to jail.
amdg,
Jose Ramon T Villarin SJ
President