Download Earth, Moon, Space, Solar System and Sun Study Guide Vocabulary

Earth, Moon, Space, Solar System and Sun Study Guide
Vocabulary1.
Rotation- The spinning of a planet or moon on its axis. Ex- Earth rotates once every 24 hours on
its axis. Earth rotates from west to east.
2.
Revolution- One complete trip of a planet around the sun. The closer you are to the sun the
shorter amount of time it takes to get around. Earth takes 365 days.
3. Orbit- The path that one object in space takes around another object in space. Earth orbits or
revolves around the sun.
4. Sun- is a medium size star made up of gases.
5. Photosphere- the layer of the sun we see.
6. Chromosphere- is a red circle around the outside of the sun and can sometimes be seen during
an eclipse.
7. Corona- The outermost layer of the sun.
8. Sunspots- are dark spots on the photosphere.
9. Solar Flares- are sparks of energy that shoot out from the sun.
10. Gravity- is the pull that all objects exert on each other.
11. Lunar Cycle- The moon goes through the same sequence of phases as it revolves around the
Earth once every month. It takes 28 days for the moon to complete its cycle.
12. Waxing- When the lighted part of the moon we see is becoming larger.
13. Waning- When the lighted part of the moon we see is becoming smaller.
Important facts:
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The Earth has three main layers: Core, Mantle and the Crust. The crust is the surface we live in
and where the rock cycle takes place. The mantle is the next layer and is made up of melted
rock, or magma. The core is divided into two sections: Inner Core and Outer Core- The outer
core is made of liquid and the inner core because of all of the pressure on it is solid even though
it is extremely hot.
Tides occur twice daily- 2 High tides and two low tides. They are caused by the moon’s gravity
pulling on the Earth.
Earth’s seasons are caused by the earth revolving around the Sun.
Day and Night are caused by the Earth rotating on its axis.
Planets- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (Pluto is known as a
dwarf planet).
Hemispheres
Tides
Our Solar System