Download ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY HEART REVIEW

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Cardiovascular System REVIEW
Know the definitions of
Arrhythmia
Brachycardia
Tachycardia
Murmurs
Pericarditis
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mediastium
pericardium
mitral valve
foramen ovale
coronary sinus
angina pectoris
arteriosclerosis
myocardial infarction
sinoatrial node
atrioventricular node
Cardiac tamponade
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
systole
disastolye
Stenosis
Distinguish between the layers of the heart.
Differentiate between the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium.
What are the two layers of the serous pericardium?
What is pericardial fluid? What is its function? What produces it?
Describe heart muscle cells. What is an intercalacated disc? What is its function?
Be able to label the following structures on a diagram of the external heart anatomy: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava,
coronary sulcus, interventricular sulcus, apex, left coronary artery, right coronary artery, base, aortic arch, pulmonary artery,
pulmonary vein, atria
Be able to trace the flow of blood through the heart and lungs
Be able to label the follow structures on a diagram of the internal anatomy of the heart: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava,
right and left atrium, interventricular septum, apex, base, aortic arch, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, right and left ventricle,
pulmonary semilunar valve, aortic semilunar valve, tricuspid valve, bicuspid valve, chordae tendonae, pectinate muscle
How is fetal hemoglobin different from adult hemoglobin?
Explain how the heart beat is passed through the heart.
Label an ECG and state what each part represents.
Describe the sound made by the heart beat. What makes each sound?
The heart is an organ of this body system.
What is the muscular layer of the heart is called?
What is the name of the sac surrounding the heart?
What type of tissue comprises the bulk of the myocardium?
What is the function of the heart?
What is the function of an artery?
From outermost to innermost, what are the three layers of an artery?
What is the function of a vein?
What is the name of the space in a blood vessel wherein blood flows?
What is the lining of the heart called?
What is the primary brain stem structure that controls heart rate.
What is the specific space in the thoracic cavity where the heart is located?
What bone protects the heart anteriorly?
The bulk of the heart rests on this side of the body.
The pericardium attaches to this structure inferiorly.
Which side of the heart as a thicker ventricular wall?
What layer of an artery consists mostly of smooth muscle?
What chambers of the heart function to receive blood from the veins?
The tunica interna is continuos with this layer of the heart.
What part of the heart rests just below the right second rib?
What are the bottom two chambers of the heart called?
What valves are located between the atria and the ventricles?
The apex of the heart points to this side of the body.
What is the branch of the aorta that divides into the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries?
What is the scientific term for the "heart strings" that extend from the AV cusps to the papillary muscles?
What structure divides the two ventricles of the heart?
The superior vena cava attaches to this heart chamber.
What is the largest artery of the human body?
What are the "ear-like" structures that extend from the atria?
The apex of the heart usually sits at the same approximate level as the space between these two ribs.
____The1.main function of these cells is to defend the body against infection.
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. merkel cells
____These
2. cells play an essential role in the blood clotting process.
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. merkel cells
____These
3. blood cells carry oxygen to tissues throughout the body.
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. merkel cells
____What
4. is the name of the process that generates new red blood cells?
A. erythropoiesis
B. leukemia
C. anemia
D. hematopoies
____What
5. is the life span of red blood cells?
A. 6 months
B. 2 years
C. 15 days
D. 120 days
____What
6. part of blood transports dissolved materials?
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. plasma
____What
7. part of blood contains hemoglobin, lacks a nucleus, and has a biconcave shape?
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. plasma
are
____Erythrocytes
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A. red blood cells
B. white blood cells
C. platelets
D. plasma
____What
9. part of blood consists of water, proteins and other dissolved materials?
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. plasma
____What
10.part of blood are cell fragments involved in blood clotting?
A. leukocytes
B. erythrocytes
C. thrombocytes
D. plasma
red color of the blood is due to the
____The11.
A. color of the plasma
B. hemoglobin in erythrocytes
C. color of red granules in eosinophils
D. color of red granules in basophils
____These
12.cells enter the injured tissues and transform into tissue macrophages. Macrophages are the first line of
defense. Their job is to phagocyose bacteria and tissue debris.
A. eosinophils B. neutrophils C. monocytes D. basophils
____What
13.are the four human blood types?
A. A, B, C, and O
C. A, B. AB, and O
B. A, B, C, and D
D. I, II, III, and IV
fetalis, also known as hemolytic disease of the newborn, most often occurs in ______________
____Erythroblastosis
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mothers carrying ______________ fetuses.
A. Rh +; Rh B. Rh -; Rh+
C. type A; type O
D. type A; type B
____A person
15. with type AB blood would have ____________ antigens on red blood cells, and ___________
antibodies carried in the plasma.
A. A and B; neither anti-A or anti-B
B. Neither A nor B; both anti-A and anti-B
C. B; anti-A
D. A; anti-B
____A person
16. with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from
____________.
A. anemia
B. bacterial infection
C. an autoimmune disease
D. allergies or internal parasites
____What
17.is the metal/element that is found in hemoglobin?
A. copper
B. iron
C. magnesium
D. zinc
disease associated with the inability to clot blood - results in excessive bleeding
____The18.
A. sickle cell anemia
B. malaria
C. hemophilia
D. thrombosis
____What
19.is the most common leukocyte?
A. monocyte
B. eosinophil
C. neutrophil
D. basophil
C. neutrophil
D. basophil
____What
20.is the least common leukocyte?
A. monocyte
B. eosinophil