Download Atmosphere and Weather cloze notes

Name: ___________________________________
Date: __________________
Class: ______________
Atmosphere & Weather Ch 15 sec. 2 & 3
Energy Transfer in the Environment (section 2)
A. Earth’s energy is provided by ____________________________.
B. Energy is important to us because it:
a. Drives ______________________________________________________________________________
b. Allows plants to ______________________________________________________________________
c. Provides nutrition for __________________________________________________________________
C. When Earth receives energy from the Sun three things may happen to the energy:
a. Reflected ________________________________________________________________
b. Absorbed ________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________ by land and water.
D. Heat is energy that flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature. Does
land or water absorb the Sun’s energy faster? ____________________
E. Three ways heat is transferred through the atmosphere:
a. _________________________ - energy that is transferred in the form of rays or waves. Earth radiates
some of the energy it absorbs from the sun back toward ________________. It’s also how you feel the
warmth of the sun __________________________________.
b. _________________________ - the transfer of energy when molecules bump into one another.
Molecules are always in _________________ and when warmer, faster-moving objects touch cooler,
slow-moving objects energy is _____________________________.
c. _________________________ - the transfer of heat by _______________________________________.
As air is _________________, the molecules move apart = less dense air. Air pressure
________________________ because the air is less dense. In cold air, molecules move closer together
so the air is more _______________ and air pressure _______________________. Cooler, denser air
______________ while warmer, less dense air _____________, forming a
_________________________________________________________.
What is a hydrosphere?
A. It is ______________________________________________________________________________________.
B. What happens to a puddle? It gets ____________________ over time because ______________________ from
the sun causes the water in the puddle to change from a _____________________________________________
by _______________________________. Water vapor enters the ____________________________________.
If water vapor in the ______________________________ cools enough, it changes back into a ______________
by the process called _____________________________________.
C. Why is life unique to Earth? The ____________________________ holds just the right amount of
______________________________________________.
Air Movement (section 3)
A. How is wind formed? Wind is the ________________________ of air from an area of
_________________________________________ to an area of _______________________________________
due to the uneven heating of Earth’s surface.
B. Do different areas of Earth receive different amounts of radiation from the sun? _________ Why? Because the
Earth is curved, the Equator receives more __________________________ than the areas to the
___________________________________________.
C. The ____________, _____________ air coming from the ______________ receives less ___________________
from the ____________, making the air at the poles much ______________________. This results in the
______________, __________________________ air sinking and moving along Earth’s surface.
D. The Coriolis Effect: When the _____________________ of Earth causes moving air & water to appear to turn to
the ____________ North of the equator and to the ____________ South of the equator.
E. What are Global Winds? The wind patterns that help ships to navigate the oceans (especially early sailors).
a. Three different surface winds:
i. Trade winds- also called ______________________________, found at 30˚ North and South
Latitude
ii. Prevailing Westerlies – Blow in ___________________________________________________,
responsible for the movement of weather across _____________________________________,
found between 30˚ and 60˚ Latitudes
iii. Polar Easterlies – Found near _____________________
F. Winds in the Upper Troposphere
a. Narrow belts of strong winds called ____________________________, blow near the top of the
Troposphere. Features of the Jet Streams:
i. Polar ___________________________ form at the __________________________ of
_________, __________ polar air to the _________________ and ___________________, more
moist tropical air to the ________________.
ii. Moves _________________ in the _________________ because the difference between
___________ and ___________ air is ___________________!
iii. Helps move __________________ across the ______________________.
iv. Helps pilots flying ______________________ to save time and fuel.
v. What are the doldrums? Along the equator, heating causes air to expand, creating a zone of low
pressure. Cloudy, rainy weather develops almost every afternoon called the Doldrums.
G. Local Wind Systems
a. Sea breezes
i. The movement of ________ toward the ____________ from the _______________.
ii. Created during the ____________ because the ________________________________________
Warms the ______________ more than the ___________________.
iii. Air over ______________ is heated by _______________________________.
b. Land Breezes
i. The movement of _________ toward the _______________ from the ______________.
ii. At night the land cools much more _____________________ than the ocean water.
Name:
________________________________
_____
Chapter 15 Vocabulary
Quiz Thursday 1/31/08
1) Atmosphere
2) Troposphere
3) Stratosphere
4) Mesosphere
5) Thermosphere
6) Ionosphere
7) Exosphere
8) Ozone Layer
9) Ultraviolet Radiation (UV)
10) Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
11) Radiation
12) Convection
13) Conduction
14) Hydrosphere
15) Condensation
16) Coriolis Effect
17) Global Winds
18) Sea Breezes
19) Land Breezes
Name:___________________________
______________
Chapter 15 Vocabulary
Quiz Thursday 1/31/08
1) Atmosphere
2) Troposphere
3) Stratosphere
4) Mesosphere
5) Thermosphere
6) Ionosphere
7) Exosphere
8) Ozone Layer
9) Ultraviolet Radiation (UV)
10) Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
11) Radiation
12) Convection
13) Conduction
14) Hydrosphere
15) Condensation
16) Coriolis Effect
17) Global Winds
18) Sea Breezes
19) Land Breezes