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5. In
a)
b)
c)
d)
Extra Credit Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 5
Note: in all case one answer is better than all others ...
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what layer of the Earth is the asthenosphere?
the crust
the lithosphere
the upper mantle
the lower mantle
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video: Seismic Waves
1. The two fundamentally different types of seismic waves are:
a) surface and transverse waves
b) body and compression waves
c) body and transverse waves
d) surface and body waves
2. Surface waves are of which types?
a) Love waves
b) Rayleigh waves
c) a) and b)
d) none of the above
3. Primary body waves are also called?
a) P−waves
b) compression waves
c) transverse waves
d) a) and b)
e) a) and c)
4. Secondary body waves are also called?
a) S−waves
b) compression waves
c) transverse waves
d) a) and b)
e) a) and c)
video: Plate Tectonics− Difference between crust and lithosphere
1. Which plate is NOT adjacent to the Pacific plate?
a) Australian plate
b) North American plate
c) Nazca Plate
d) African Plate
2. Subdividing the layers of the earth by their chemical
(composition) properties, then the layers of the earth are:
a) crust, mantle, core
b) lithosphere, asthenosphere, lower mantle
c) crust, upper mantle, lower mantle
d) lithosphere, asthenosphere, core
video: Plate Tectonics− Evidence of plate movement
1. Which of the following did NOT support the idea that all of
the continents were once one super−continent?
a) South America and Africa look like they can fit into each other
b) The mid−ocean ridges between continents
c) The similar types of life along the coasts of South America and Africa
d) The magnetic orientation of cooled magma (rock) deposits
2. The magnetic field of Earth fluctuates. How far back in time do
you have to go before you find the orientation
of the magnetic field to be the exact opposite of what it is today?
a) 78 thousand years
b) 780 thousand years
c) 78 million years
d) 780 million years
3. GPS satellites allow the precision motion of the plates.
motion PER YEAR is comparable to:
a) the diameter of a hair (about 0.05 mm/year)
b) the growth of a human finger nail (about 1 cm/year)
c) the height of a typical human
d) the length of the largest dinosaur
And the
video: Plate Tectonics − Geological Features of Divergent Plate Boundaries
1. In what direction do plates move at divergent boundaries?
a) parallel to each other
b) anti−parallel to each other
c) towards each other
d) away from each other
2. In
a)
b)
c)
d)
the
the
the
the
the
video ‘‘divergent plate boundaries’’ are said to be like:
bark on pine trees
water between icebergs in the antarctic
skin between scales on a salmon
crust of sourdough bread
3. In the video it was said that one of the most famous divergent
plate boundaries is:
a) the African rift valley
b) Death Valley in the US
c) the Turpan depression in western China
d) the Jordan River valley in the middle east
3. Which layer of the Earth is composed of (viscous
but not quite liquid) magma?
a) crust
b) lithosphere
c) asthenosphere
d) lower mantle
e) outer core
4. In the video what example was given of a body of water in
the rift formed by a hot spot:
a) the Mediteranean Sea
b) the Red Sea
c) the Persian Gulf
d) Lake Baikal
4. Which portions of the Earth compose the lithosphere?
a) the crust and upper−most mantle
b) the crust and the asthenosphere
c) the upper−most mantle
d) the upper−most mantle and the asthenosphere
e) the lower mantle
5. In the video an ultimate example of divergent plate boundaries
was said to be:
a) the Andes Mountains in South America
b) the mid−Atlantic ridge (in the Atlantic ocean)
c) the Mississippi valley in the US
d) the Tigris−Euphrates valley in the middle east
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video: Plate Tectonics− Geological features of Convergent Plate Boundaries
1. In what direction to plates move at convergent boundaries?
a) towards each other
b) away from each other
c) parallel to each other
d) anti−parallel to each other
2. What does subduction mean?
a) One plate moves to the right or left to avoid the other plate
b) One plate moves under the other plate (which is then pushed upwards)
c) Two plates push each other upwards (forming high plateaus/mountains)
d) Two plates push each other downwards (forming a rift valley)
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4. What is immediately below the lithosphere?
a) crust
b) asthenosphere
c) lower mantle
d) outer core
5. About how thick is the outer core
a) 120 km
b) 1,200 km
c) 2,300 km
d) 4,100 km
6. About how thick is the inner core
a) 120 km
b) 1,200 km
c) 2,300 km
d) 4,100 km
3. Regions of subduction are characterized by:
a) earthquakes
b) volcanoes
c) trenches
d) all the above
e) a) and b)
4. Which mountain range was formed due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate
a) The Rocky Mountains
b) the Himalayas
c) The Appalachians
d) the Andes
video: Plates Moving Due to Convection in Mantle
1. What type of heat transfer involves internal currents in fluids
a) conduction
b) convection
c) radiation
d) advection
5. The Mariana trench was created by the interaction of which plates
a) The Pacific and Philippino plates
b) The African and Eurasian plates
c) The North American and Nazca plates
d) The Eurasian and Indian plates
2. What type of heat transfer currents are present in the mantle
a) advection
b) radiation
c) convection
d) conduction
6. The Himalaya mountains were created by the interaction of which plates
a) The Pacific and Philippino plates
b) The African and Eurasian plates
c) The North American and Nazca plates
d) The Eurasian and Indian plates
3. Convection currents are mostly in the:
a) crust
b) lithosphere
c) asthenosphere
d) lower mantle
7. How deep is the Mariana trench
a) 110 m
b) 1100 m
c) 11 km
d) 110 km
4. What is thought to be the dominant cause for plate motion?
a) Convection currents in the mantle drags on the lithosphere
b) Convection currents in the core drags on the mantle
c) Radiation in the mantle pushes the lithosphere upwards
d) Radiation in the core pushes the mantle upwards
video: Structure of the Earth
1. How thick is the continental crust?
a) 10−30 km
b) 30−60 km
c) 60−90 km
d) 90−120 km
video: Hawaiian Islands Formation
1. Where is the most likely place to find mountains or volcanoes
a) At convergent plate boundaries
b) When one plate is being subducted beneath another
c) At divergent plate boundaries
d) both a and b
2. How thick is
a) 1400−1500
b) 1900−2000
c) 2400−3500
d) 2900−3000
2. What is the example of islands that have formed AWAY from plate
boundaries (above a stationary "hot spot" under lithospheric plates):
a) Mariana islands
b) Hawaiian islands
c) Aleutian islands
d) Canary islands
the mantle?
km
km
km
km
3. What is immediately below the crust?
a) lithosphere
b) asthenosphere
c) lower mantle
d) outer core
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3. What is the oldest rock observed in the Hawaiian island of Kaua’i
a) 5.5 thousand years old
b) 11 thousand years old
c) 5.5 million years old
d) 11 million years old
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4. What is the oldest rock observed on the big island of Hawaii
a) 350 thousand years old
b) 700 thousand years old
c) 350 million years old
d) 700 million years old
7) Why did the video suggest that Kaia’i is much smaller than the big island
of Hawaii?
a) it sat over the "hot spot" for a much shorter period of time
b) it is known that the pacific plate is moving more slowly now
than in the past
c) rain and weather has eroded Kaua’i from a "big" island down
to its current size
d) the rock of Kaua’i is heavier than the rock forming the big island so the
height of Kaua’i is less than the big island
3. What is the largest layer of the Earth by VOLUME?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Outer Core
d) Inner Core
4. What is the SOLID outer layer of the Earth?
a) the crust
b) the lithosphere
c) the asthenosphere
d) b) and c)
e) a), b) and c)
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video: How we know about the Earth’s core
1. What types of substances can P−waves travel through?
a) solid
b) liquid
c) air (gases)
d) all of the above
6) Where was the Hawaiian "hot spot" BEFORE it formed the Hawaiian islands?
a) under the Solomon islands
b) under the Mariana islands
c) under the Samoan islands
d) under the northwestern (leeward) islands
2. What is the thickness of the oceanic crust?
a) 5km − 10km
b) 10km − 20km
c) 10km − 50km
d) 10km − 70km
Xtra_credit_MC_chapt_5_2014.txt
7. The mesosphere extends to a depth of about:
a) 200km
b) 660km
c) 2900km
d) 5100km
5. Where is the "stationary hot spot" under the Hawaiian islands
currently located?
a) under the big island of Hawaii
b) under Kaua’i
c) under Maui
d) under O’ahu
video: Compositional and Mechanical Layers of the Earth
1. What is the thinnest layer of the Earth
a) continental crust
b) oceanic crust
c) lithosphere
d) asthenosphere
e) lower mantle
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2. What types of substances can S−waves travel through?
a) solid
b) liquid
c) air (gases)
d) all of the above
3. What types of waves can travel through the inner and
outer core?
a) P−waves
b) S−waves
c) both a and b
d) none of the above
4. What is the mechanical character of the outer core?
a) solid
b) liquid
c) very high pressure gas
d) none of the above
5. What pattern of waves are used to detect the OUTER core?
a) the refraction pattern of the P−waves
b) the S−wave shadow
c) both a and b
d) none of the above
6. What types of waves can we use to detect the INNER core?
a) the refraction pattern of the P−waves
b) the S−wave shadow
c) both a and b
d) none of the above
7. What is the region called where NO seismic waves are observed?
a) the S−wave shadow
b) the P−wave shadow
c) a) and b)
d) there is no region shielded from the combination of
P− and S−waves
===================================================================
5. What is the densest part of the Earth?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Core
d) none of the above
6. From top to bottom, what are the layers of the Earth?
a) lithosphere, core, mesosphere, asthenosphere
b) mesosphere, lithosphere, core, asthenosphere
c) asthenosphere, mesosphere, lithosphere, core
d) lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, core
Friday January 24, 2014
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