Download 10.6A Conserve Your Energy - Texarkana Independent School

Focus Plan
Texarkana Independent School District
GRADING
PERIOD:
WRITER:
IPC, Biology & Chemistry – 2nd
six weeks
L. Petty
PLAN CODE:
COURSE/SUBJECT:
10th grade science
GRADE(S):
10th
TIME ALLOTTED
FOR INSTRUCTION:
1 – 1½ hours
TITLE:
Conserve Your Energy
LESSON TOPIC:
The Law of Conservation of Mass
TAKS OBJECTIVE:
Objective 5
The student will demonstrate an understanding of motion, forces, and energy.
FOCUS TEKS AND STUDENT
EXPECTATION:
10.6 The student knows the impact of energy transformations in everyday life.
The student is expected to:
(A) describe the law of conservation of energy
Objective 1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the nature of
science.
10.1 The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, conducts field and
laboratory investigations using safe, environmentally appropriate, and
ethical practices. The student is expected to:
(A) demonstrate safe practices during field and laboratory investigations
10.2 The student uses scientific methods during field and laboratory
investigations. The student is expected to:
(A) plan and implement investigative procedures including asking
questions, formulating testable hypotheses, and selecting equipment
and technology
(B) collect data and make measurements with precision
(C) organize, analyze, evaluate, make inferences, and predict trends from
data
(D) communicate valid conclusions
SUPPORTING TEKS AND
STUDENT EXPECTATIONS:
CONCEPTS
Energy
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS/GENERALIZATIONS/PRINCIPLES
The student will understand that
Energy is the ability to work or cause motion.
Universal
Energy exists everywhere in many different forms.
Forms of energy
Energy can be stored (potential) or released (kinetic).
Conversion
Energy can be changed (converted) from one form to another.
Conservation
Even though it can be converted, energy cannot be created or destroyed in a
physical or chemical change.
I.
SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES (INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES)
A.
Focus/connections/anticipatory set
Have a “Newton’s Cradle” in clear view when students enter the room. Once they are seated, pull up and
release 2 balls. Explain to students that this device was the first good example of a perpetual motion machine.
A perpetual motion machine is one that completely transfers energy from one form to another without being
affected by air resistance and gravity. Explain that the Newton’s Cradle is a complicated pendulum setup.
B.
Instructional activities
(demonstrations, lectures, examples, hands-on experiences, role play, active learning experience, art,
music, modeling, discussion, reading, listening, viewing, etc.)
Go over Transparency master – Vocabulary.
C.
Guided activity or strategy
Use Transparency master – The Pendulum to refresh students on the normal motion of a pendulum.
Explain the conversion between potential and kinetic energy. Remind students that the swing of a pendulum
is not affected by the weight of the pendulum, but is drastically affected by the length of the rope or chain
(the longer the rope, the less swings).
D.
Accommodations/modifications
Students requiring accommodations may be given copies of both transparencies and answers.
E.
Enrichment
Students requiring enrichment may be assigned the vocabulary prior to lab. They may also do regular
pendulum motion or research prior to lab.
II.
STUDENT PERFORMANCE
A.
Description
Do Lab – Conserve Your Energy
B.
Accommodations/modifications
Students requiring accommodations should be assigned a peer tutor.
C.
Enrichment
Students requiring enrichment should serve as peer tutors.
III.
ASSESSMENT OF ACTIVITIES
A.
Description
Grade Lab Worksheet – Conserve Your Energy.
B.
Rubrics/grading criteria
Step E, F and Question 2 should count as 5 points each. Grade G and H as 5 points for predictions and 5
points for observations. Grade Question 1 at 2 points for each pendulum position (10 total). Questions 3-6
should count as 5 points each, with 2½ points for each part.
C.
Accommodations/modifications
Students requiring accommodations may be given some leniency in the grading of Questions 2-4.
D.
Enrichment
Students requiring enrichment may be required to approximate the 2/5 answer for question 4.
E.
Sample discussion questions
1. What causes the pendulum to fall? Gravity
2. When does the pendulum have the greatest speed? At the bottom of the swing where kinetic energy is the
greatest.
3. When does the pendulum have no energy? When it is hanging straight down. It has no energy with relation
to the pendulum. If the string breaks, it still has potential energy with relation to the floor.
4. In a normal pendulum, will the pendulum that has been released ever reach its original release height?
Explain. No, because gravity and air resistance will slow it down.
IV.
TAKS PREPARATION
A.
Transition to TAKS context
1. What type of energy is stored in a piece of firewood?
(a) Geothermal energy
(b) Kinetic energy
(c) Chemical energy
(d) Radiant energy
Answer 2-4 are based on the following basketball drawing.
2. At what point does the basketball have the most potential energy?
(a) Point A
(b) Point B
(c) Point C
(d) Point D
3. At which point does the basketball have kinetic energy changing to potential energy?
(a) Point A
(b) Point B
(c) Point D
(d) Point E
4. At which point does the basketball have potential energy changing to kinetic energy?
(a) Point A
(b) Point B
(c) Point D
(d) Point E
B.
Sample TAKS questions
Spring 2004
Powerful Plankton
The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has created an experimental marine fuel cell that could produce enough
electricity to power ocean-monitoring devices. This fuel cell runs on seawater and sediment, with the help of
plankton. Some plankton on the surface of ocean sediments use dissolved oxygen to break down organic
matter, releasing energy; this is an aerobic process. The plankton in the deeper sediments break down
organic matter without using oxygen; this is an anaerobic process. These two processes create a difference in
voltage between the surface of the sediment and the sediment farther down in the seabed. The voltage
difference can be used to produce electricity – up to 5.0 X 10-2 watts of power. Energy supplied by this type
of fuel cell can be obtained as long as there is organic matter in the sediment.
1. Fuel cells powered by plankton from the seabed can be used to operate instruments that monitor ocean
currents and water temperature. These fuel cells get their energy by converting ___.
(a) chemical energy to electrical energy
(b) electrical energy to mechanical energy
(c) hydroelectric energy to geothermal energy
(d) mechanical energy to chemical energy
V.
KEY VOCABULARY
Air resistance
Friction
Gravity
Kinetic energy
VI.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Pendulum
Potential energy
Weight
RESOURCES
A.
Textbook
None needed
B.
Supplementary materials/equipment
Transparency master – Vocabulary
Instructor’s Copy – Vocabulary
Transparency master – The Pendulum
Instructor’s Copy – The Pendulum
Lab Worksheet – Conserve Your Energy
Instructor’s Copy Lab Worksheet – Conserve Your Energy
C.
VII.
Technology
FOLLOW UP ACTIVITIES
(reteaching, cross-curricular support, technology activities, next lesson in sequence, etc.)
A. Reteaching
Go over graded labs with students.
B. Next lesson in sequence
IPC and Chemistry – 6B – analyze the efficiency of energy conversions that are responsible for the production of
electricity such as from radiant, nuclear, and geothermal sources, fossil fuels such as coal, gas, oil and the
movement of water or wind.
Biology – 9B – compare the energy flow in photosynthesis to the energy flow in cellular respiration.
VIII.
TEACHER NOTES
Before lab:
1. Run off copies of the Lab Worksheet – for each student.
2. Make both transparencies and copies of answers for each student requiring accommodations.
3. If it is necessary to cut down on the time spent on this objective, precut the strings and set up the equipment as
shown in Figure A.
4. Rulers will need to be added if students requiring enrichment will be estimating the 2/5 distance for question 4.
During lab:
5. Monitor to make sure students are holding the pendulum at a constant height prior to release.