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ANIMAL NUTRITION
Answer the following questions completely.
1. _______________ is secreted to moisten food, protect the mouth from abrasions.
2. Carbohydrate digestion begins with the enzyme ___________________________.
3. The _______________________ is commonly called the throat.
4. Choking is prevented by a flap in the pharynx called the
_________________________.
5. The _____________________connects the pharynx and the stomach.
6. _________________or wavelike contractions of the smooth muscles push food
down toward the stomach.
7. The ______________________is a J shaped expandable organ located on the left
side of the abdominal cavity.
8. It has a pH of around ______________.
9. The zymogemn in the stomach is called _______________________.
10. It is activated by a chemical called __________________________.
11. The hormone __________________ is secreted by the stomach cells to regulate
the production of gastric juices.
12. Most hydrolysis of macromolecules occur in the ________________________.
13. It is divided into 3 sections __________________________,
_______________________, and _________________________.
14. The accessory digestive organs are the __________________________,
_____________________, and the ___________________________.
15. As the acid chyme enters the duodenum a hormone called
_____________________ is released from the intestinal walls to signal the pancreas
to release a bicarbonate solution which neutralizes the acid.
16. The hormone ____________________________ is released from the intestinal
cells causing the gall bladder to release bile.
17. The hormone ___________________________________ is secreted to slow
down peristalsis.
18. ________________, ______________________, and
__________________________ are enzymes that break down proteins into their
amino acids.
19. ____________________ is a chemical that emulsifies fat.
20. The enzyme ______________________ can now finish fat digestion due to the
enlarges surface area that was produced.
21. ________________________ digestion is under the control of the enzymes
maltase, lactase, sucrase.
22. The lining of the _____________________ has a surface area of 600m2 , about
the size of a baseball diamond.
23. Large folds are decorated with finger like projections called _______________,
and each of the epithelial cells has many microscopic appendages called
________________________.
24. The nutrients, except fat, are absorbed into the capillaries, while the fat enters the
________________.
25. All the contents of the blood enter the liver via the ________________. The liver
regulates the contents of the blood.
26. The ______________________ is connected to the small intestine at a T-shaped
junction where a blind pouch called the cecum is found.
27. The function of the colon is to
_______________________________________________________.
Digestive System
1. ________________ and _________________ are the two types of digestion that
can take place in the mouth.
2._____________ is produced by the mouth to moisten food and protect the mouth
from abrasions.
3. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the enzyme ______________
___________________.
4. The pharynx is the area behind the mouth where the __________________ or the
opening to the lungs is located.
5. The _________________ is a flap that closes the glottis when the act of
swallowing occurs.
6. The ______________ is a long tube that connects the pharynx and the stomach.
7. _______________ or wavelike contractions of the smooth muscles push food down
toward the stomach.
8. The stomach's epithelial cells secrete ________________ juices and the enzyme
____________________.
9. Most digestion of macromolecules occur in the _____________ intestine.
10. The small intestine is divided into 3 sections : ____________________,
____________________, and ____________________.
11. The ____________________ is an accessory organ that produces bile.
12. ____________________ is an enzyme that break down protein into to specific
amino acids.
13. The small intestine contains finger like projections called ______________.
14. Fatty substances enter the ___________________, of the villus, along with other
materials too large to enter the capillaries.
15. All the contents of the blood enter the liver through the ______________ portal
vein.
16. The large intestine is connected to the small intestine at a T-shaped junction where
a blind pouch called the ________________ is found.
17. The function of the colon is to ______________________ water from the unused
food.
18. The bacterium ___ ________ produces odoriferous gases such as methane and
hydrogen sulfide, while others produce vitamin K.
19. The __________________________is the number of calories needed by an
organism to fuel its basic living processes.
20. The fat soluble vitamins are: ___________________________, while the water
soluble vitamins are: ________________________________________.
Matching: Match up the word with the statement that best completes it.
______ 21. The opening to the esophagus.
a. glottis
______ 22. Digests proteins
b. appendix
______ 23. finger-like projection
c. lipase
______ 24. opening to the lungs
d. tongue
______ 25. digests fat
e. gullet
______ 26. Needed for taste
f. amylase
______27. Found in the mouth
g. trypsin