Download write answers in complete sentences

The Following Question complete from your End-of Chapter questions in your book on page
157 (write answers in complete sentences:
1. Question 1
Wind, solar, geothermal
2. Question 2a
C. Power is a measure of the amount of energy transferred per second.
3. Question 2b
The units of Power are Watts (W), Kilowatts (kW)
4. Question 3a
In the experiment where purple solid is added to the bottom of a Bunsen beaker in an
area where a Bunsen burner is burning, the purple solid will dissolve in the water, and,
because of the heat provided by the Bunsen burner, the water will begin to rise and fall
in a convection current that the purple solid will make visible.
5. Question 3b
The purple colour forms a convection current because water is being heated by the
Bunsen burner, the water molecules immediately above the Bunsen burner speed up
and move up and outward, being replaced by cold water, which creates a current.
6. Question 4a
A fossil fuel that can be burned in a power station may be coal, oil, or gas.
7. Question 5a
A tennis ball that has energy from its position above the earth has gravitational potential
energy (GPE)
8. Question 5b-i
The student is stating that energy will be converted from gravitational potential energy
to kinetic energy, because this is a usual energy conversion that happens when an object
falls from a stationary position and is pulled down to earth by gravity. It must change
its position which requires movement and kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
9. Question 5b-ii
The student may not be completely accurate in saying that all of the energy stored up
will be purely transferred into kinetic energy. Some energy may be converted into other
forms like heat or light, depending on how fast the ball is moving.
10. Question 5c
The ball moves because it is being pulled by gravity.
11. Question 6a
The work done when a car engine uses a force of 500N to move a car 200m is force x
distance = 500N x 200m = 100 000 J
12. Question 6b
The work done when a shopkeeper uses a force of 50 N to lift a box 1.5 meters is force x
distance = 50N x 1.5m = 75 J
13. Question 7a
The power of a lightbulb that transfers 6000J every minute is Power = work ÷ time =
6000J ÷ 60 seconds = 100 Watts
14. Question 7b
The power of a lightbulb that has a current of 0.05A and a potential difference of 240 V is
Power = current x potential difference = 0.05A x 240V = 12 W.
15. Question 7c
Since both lightbulbs are equally bright, and we prefer a bulb that is energy efficient
which means it uses less energy to give off the same amount of light, the lightbulb that
uses 12 Watts of power is more energy efficient.
16. Question 8a
Energy is transferred through a double glazed window by conduction as the glass
molecules on the inside of the window, on the side of the warm room are heated up,
they move faster and that energy spreads to the colder side of the window where air
molecules are excited on its surface.
17. Question 8b
The rate of energy transfer would decrease, because glass molecules would take more
energy to move than gas molecules with are more excitable, or more easily energized.
Conduction would not occur, and energy would be transferred very slowly by radiation.
18. Question 9
Insulating my house will reduce my energy bills because I can keep heat energy in my
house and not have to spend money on producing it with gas/oil heaters, or electric
heaters. Also, in the summer, an insulated house, wont heat up at quickly, which will
keep it cool.
19. A gannet is a type of sea bird.
(a) To catch food, the gannet dives down into the sea.
What is the useful energy transfer when the gannet dives?
Choose words from the box below.
When the gannet dives, gravitational potential energy is transferred to kinetic
energy.
20. Sankey diagrams summarise all the energy transfers taking place in a process. The thicker the line
or arrow, the greater the amount of energy involved.
What can we say is true about the Sankey Diagrams above?
a. Apparatus A is more efficient
b. Apparatus B is more efficient
c. They both have the same efficiency
21. The efficiency of a device is the proportion of the energy supplied that is transferred in useful
ways. You should be able to calculate the efficiency of a device as a decimal or as a percentage.
The efficiency of a device such as a lamp can be calculated:
efficiency = useful energy out ÷ total energy in (for a decimal efficiency)
efficiency = (useful energy out ÷ total energy in) × 100 (for a percentage efficiency)
Calculate the percent (%) efficiency of Apparatus A and Apparatus B below (Show your
work).
Apparatus A: 1/10 x 100 = 10 % Efficiency
Apparatus B: 4/10 x 100 = 40 % Efficiency
22. A coal-fired power station is 40% efficient. This means that:
a. 40% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to electrical energy
b. 60% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to electrical energy
c. 40% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to the surroundings as
heat
23. Renewable energy sources quickly replenish themselves and can be used again and again. For
this reason they are sometimes called infinite energy resources. A resource that cannot be
replaced when it is used up is called a non-renewable energy resource.
Energy resources that, once used, can replenish themselves and can be used again and
again are called:
a. Nond. Potential
b. Renewable
renewable
e. Kinetic
c. Finite
24. What is another term used to mean renewable?
a. Sustainable
b. Finite
c. Infinite
25. Energy resources that, once used, cannot be replaced are called:
b. renewable.
a. nonc. infinite.
renewable.
26. What is another term used to mean non-renewable?
a. Nonb. Finite
renewable
d. potential.
e. kinetic.
c. Infinite
27. Which of the energy sources listed is NOT a renewable source of energy?
c. Wind
e. Geothermal
a. Oil
d. Tidal
b. Solar
28. What type of energy source is formed from fossilised plants and is found sandwiched
between other types of rock in the Earth?
a. Oil
c. Geothermal
e. Nuclear
d. Biomass
b. Coal
29. What is the name given to the source of energy created with the burning of decaying
plant or animal waste?
a. Oil
c. Geothermal
e. Nuclear
b. Coal
d. Biomass
30. What type of energy source comes from radioactive minerals such as uranium and
releases energy when the atoms of the radioactive minerals are split by nuclear fission?
a. Biomass
c. Geothermal
e. Nuclear
b. Natural gas
d. Hydro-electric
power (HEP)
31. Estimates from international government organisations suggest that if the world's
demand for fossil fuels continues at its present rate, they may run out within some of
our lifetimes. How long is the world's supply of oil meant to last for?
a. 5 years
c. 30 years
e. 70 years
b. 10 years
d. 50 years
32. Which energy source is derived from the movement of sea water in and out of turbines
to generate electricity?
a. Wind
e. Geothermal
b. Hydro-electric power (HEP)
c. Tidal
d. Solar
33. Which statement below is NOT an advantage of tidal energy?
a. Tidal barrages have the potential to generate a lot of energy
b. Tidal barrages can double as bridges
c. Tidal barrages can help to prevent flooding
d. Tidal barrages can alter the ecosystem around the estuary impacting on wildlife
habitats
e. Tidal energy is renewable and once in use can be used for generations
What is the name of the renewable energy supply generated by capturing sunlight in
panels that convert the sunlight into electricity?
a. Wind
c. Tidal
e. Geothermal
b. Hydro-electric
d. Solar
power (HEP)
34. What is the name of the renewable energy source generated from using volcanic heat
found under the Earth's surface?
a. Wind
b. Hydro-electric power (HEP)
c. Tidal
d. Solar
e. Geothermal
35. What natural resource is harnessed to generate hydro-electric power (HEP)?
a. Wind
b. Water
c. Light
d. Heat