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Hydrochloric Acid The activities in the field of Hydrochloric Acid processing mean for PLINKE the treatment of acids and waste air. Various processes are available for different requirements: Pre-concentration of Hydrochloric Acid up to 24 % HCl, medium concentration up to 35 % HCl, high concentration up to 100 % HCl, purification of Hydrochloric Acid, recovery of Hydrochloric Acid gases. Different extractive agents like CaCl2, MgCl2 or H2SO4 as well as dual pressure systems may be used. Pre-Concentration Alternatively the two pressure process A raw Hydrochloric Acid with a low HCl is available. In the first step pre-con- content is separated by rectification centrated acid of about 22–24 % HCl is into the head product water and the split into the head product with about sump product azeotropic Hydrochloric 30–35 % HCl and the sump product Acid. According to the operating pres- azeotropic acid using rectification un- sure, the azeotropic concentration is der pressure. In the second step the between 18 and 24 % HCl. Hydrochlo- azeotropic acid is re-strengthened by ric Acid is purified using simple pro- evaporating water at vacuum condi- cess steps during pre-concentration. tions up to 22–24 % HCl and then recycled to the first step. Medium Concentration As an alternative the azeotropic acid A medium concentrated acid with a can also be re-strengthened using high concentration of 30–35 % can be pro- concentrated HCl gas. duced from any diluted raw Hydro chloric Acid. Using extractive rectifica- High Concentration tion weak Hydrochloric Acid is mixed In order to produce high concentrated with an extraction agent and fed into HCl gas up to 100 % HCl the same pro- the rectification column. Due to the cesses as for the medium concentration extractive agent, the water is absorbed are applied by varying the operating and the volatility of the Hydrochloric conditions. Acid is increased. At the head of the column, medium concentrated Hydro- Purification/Recovery chloric Acid is refined; a diluted extrac- Spent Hydrochloric Acids of various tion agent is obtained in the sump, origins are recovered and purified from re-concentrated in an external evapo- organic and inorganic impurities. rator and fed back into the column. Brine, like CaCl2 or MgCl2 or alternatively H2SO4, may be used as an extractive agent to remove the water. Process schemes Steam Effluent Gas Weak Hydrochloric Acid Effluent Water Pre-Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid Impurities Pre-Concentration Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid up to azeotropic composition. Weak Hydrochloric Acid Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid Steam Effluent Gas Effluent Water Medium/High Concentration Weak Hydrochloric Acid is concentrated up to 100 % HCI using extractive rectification (alternatively dual pressure process). Plinke GmbH Kaiser-Friedrich-Promenade 24 61348 Bad Homburg Tel.: +49 6172 126-0 Fax:+49 6172 126-8990 [email protected] www.plinke.de Member of the Chematur Group www.chematur.se