Download File

How things are Related:
Altitude, Air Pressure, & Temperature
•Altitude
• the
height of anything above a reference level,
especially above sea level on earth
Example: As a plane takes off, it’s altitude is increasing.
Air Pressure
•
the force exerted by air, whether compressed or
unconfined, on any surface in contact with it.
Example: When you blow up a balloon, you are increasing the
amount of air pressure inside the balloon causing it to expand.
Temperature
•
a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or
substance with reference to some standard value.
•Density
•
•
mass divided by volume. It is the measure how much mass
there is per volume Things that are mores dense are heavier because they have
more molecules in the same amount of space.
Warm Air
Molecules –
less dense
Cold Air
Molecules
- More dense
Obj 9: I can define Altitude, Air pressure,
temperature and density
•
•
•
•
Altitude: the height of anything above a reference level,
especially above sea level on earth
Air pressure: the force exerted by air, whether compressed or
unconfined, on any surface in contact with it
Temperature: a measure of the warmth or coldness of an
object or substance with reference to some standard value.
Density: mass divided by volume. It is the measure how much
mass there is per volume
Obj 10: I can describe
how altitude affects air
pressure and
temperature,
How are altitude and
air pressure
related?
•
As altitude increases,
air pressure decreases.
•Obj 10 continued
How are altitude and temperature related?
•
•
•
•
As altitude increases in the Troposphere temperature
decreases
As altitude increases in the Stratosphere temperature
increases
As altitude increases in the Mesosphere temperature
decreases
As altitude increases in the Thermosphere temperature
increases
•Objective 11: I can define ozone and identify
“good” and “bad” ozone
Ozone: (o ) gas that occurs in Earth’s upper atmosphere
and at ground level.
• Good Ozone:
•
3
•
•
•
•
•
A thin layer in the stratosphere that protects us from the sun.
Located 10 – 30 miles up from the surface.
Blocks ultraviolet (UV) rays from reaching Earth’s surface.
Makes up 90% of ozone
Bad Ozone:
•
•
•
•
•
Found close to surface of Earth, in the troposphere.
Makes up 10% of ozone.
Main ingredient is urban smog (fog+smoke).
Air pollutant that is harmful to breathe and it damages crops,
trees and other vegetation.
POLLUTION!!
Without the
“good” ozone,
more UV rays
will reach the
surface of the
Earth.
•What causes ozone depletion?
chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs)
• hydrochlorofluorocarbon
s (HCFCs)
• coolants
•
foaming agents
• fire extinguishers
• solvents
• pesticides,
• aerosol propellants
•
•What happens if we have more UV Rays…
•
more cases of skin
cancer
•
increase in melanoma
•
•
impaired immune
systems
Cataracts
•
damage
sensitive
crops
•
reduce crop yields
•
decrease in
phytoplankton
(the base of the
ocean food chain)
•Is there any
evidence…
•What are we doing?
•
Montreal Protocol 1987
•
•
•
Releases into the air of
refrigerants used in car and
home air conditioning units
and appliances are prohibited.
•
substitutes to ozone-depleting
products
have been produced and
others are being developed
phase out the production and
use of ozone-depleting
substances.
EPA has established
regulations Warning labels
must be placed on all products
containing CFCs (ex. hairspray)
o natural
ozone production
should return the ozone layer
to normal levels by about 2050
•Objective 12: I can describe the Greenhouse
Effect
Greenhouse Effect: The trapping of heat near
Earth’s surface by greenhouse gases (Carbon
Dioxide, Methane) that form a “blanket” around the
Earth
• Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be
much colder—about 33 Celsius degrees colder, on
average. All of Earth’s water would be frozen!
•
•
Obj 13 I can describe Climate Change
Category
Air Quality
Properties
Causes are both
natural and man
made
Was once called
“Global Warming”
Climate Change
What are some
warnings?
Earth’s average
temperature is
rising
Too many greenhouse
gases are a problem
More intense
summers and
winters
Stronger
storms
•Obj 13 continued
•
•
•
Climate Change is an average increase in the temperature of
the atmosphere near the Earth's surface and in the
troposphere, which can contribute to changes in global
climate patterns
Climate Change can occur from a variety of causes, both
natural and human included
Why does Climate Change affect us?
•
•
•
Glaciers, permafrost and sea ice are disappearing
Sea levels are rising, seasons changing and extreme weather is
becoming more extreme
Could lead to more droughts, floods, intense storms
•What can I do to help? –
Be an Environmental Steward
An environmental steward is someone who protects
the environment through recycling, conservation,
regeneration, and restoration.
• It means taking responsibility for our choices.
• The responsibility for environmental quality should
be shared by all those whose actions affect the
environment.
•
Watch an older cartoon intro to “Captain
Planet”
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogMBLRHJYXU
•
Click the link above to find out