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Psychology 101 Chapter 8 Wayne Hooke Communication Effective Communication • No ideal way to communicate • Competence is ______________________ • Competence is ______________________ • Competence can be learned Competent Communicators • Varied communication behaviors • Choose the __________________ strategy • ____________________ at communicating • Demonstrate cognitive _______________________ • Capable of _____________________ self-monitoring • ___________________________ to the relationship Communication Climate The emotional tone of a relationship. • Confirming communication conveys _____________________. • Disconfirming communication conveys a lack of regard. Confirming Communication • Recognition • Acknowledgement • Endorsement Disconfirming Communication • Verbal abuse • __________________________ • Impervious response • Interrupting • Irrelevant response • Tangential response • ________________________ response • Ambiguous response • Incongruous response Getting what is given Negative communication encourages _________________ responses: positive communication encourages ________________________ responses. 1 Psychology 101 Chapter 8 Wayne Hooke Communication Climate Begin Activity 8.1 The Listening Process • Hearing • ____________________ • Understanding • ________________________ • Remembering Which of these are you best at? Which do you have the most difficulty with? Ineffective Listening • Pseudolistening • _________________________ • Selective listening • Insulated listening • ______________________ listening • Ambushing • Insensitive listening Which of these do you use most often? Impediments Begin Activity 8.3 Impediments to Listening Internal Impediments • ______________________ noise • ______________________ distractions o Compartmentalization • Premature judgment o Faulty assumptions Impediments to Listening External Impediments • Noise o _______________________ attention o Sensory adaptation o Extraversion • Information overload o Women & multitasking • Message ________________________ 2 Psychology 101 Chapter 8 Wayne Hooke Impediments to Listening • Rapid thought (____________ wpm vs. 100-150) • ____________________ • Hearing problems • Lack of apparent advantages • Lack of training • Media influences Impediments Begin Activity 8.2 Authentic Listening ways of responding to a speaker that show genuine interest and empathy in the person and their situation. Authentic Listening • Advising* (offer a solution) • Judging* (offer an evaluation) • Analyzing (offer an interpretation) • Questioning • Supporting (agreement, offer aid, praise, reassurance, or diversion) • Prompting (drawing out the other) • _________________________________ Authentic Listening Begin Activity 8.4 Listening for Information • Talk____________________ • Eliminate distractions • Don’t judge prematurely • Look for_____________________ ideas • Ask questions (real questions) • Paraphrase • Consider your goals and limitations • Consider the speaker’s needs Gender and Communication • Men often communicate to gain ____________ – demonstrate authority and competence • Women: to create and maintain _____________________ relationships – demonstrate empathy & support o Use more verbal/nonverbal indicators of listening 3 Psychology 101 Chapter 8 Wayne Hooke Gender and Communication US Data: • Women develop intimacy through the disclosure of _________________________________________ • Men develop intimacy through _________________________________________ Does this challenge the view that women are “better at relationships than men?” 4
