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"Chemoprevention: The Anti-Cancer Effects of Inositol Hexaphosphate“ Presented By: Michael A. Henderson GK-12 Fellow Tuskegee University/Notasulga High School Overview The Cell and its components The Cell Theory Mitosis And Meiosis What is Cancer My Current Research Classroom Implementation The Cell and its Components The cell is the basic unit of biology. Every organism either consists of cells or is a cell itself The Cell Theory M. SCHLEIDEN (1804 - 1881) All organisms consist of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms All cells arise from preexisting cells The Cell Cycle Cell stages G1: Cell growth S:DNA synthesis and replication G2: Preparation for mitosis M:Mitosis consists of nuclear division (Karyokinesis) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic div) Regulation of the Cell Cycle Regulation of the cell cycle involves steps crucial to the cell these include detecting and repairing genetic damage provision of various checks to prevent uncontrolled cell division What is cancer • • Cancer begins in your cells, which are the building blocks of your body. It is characterized as a class of diseases in which a group of cells display the traits of: – – – uncontrolled growth (growth and division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusion on and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes metastasis (spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood) What is Cancer Oncology A proto-oncogene is a normal gene that can become an oncogene due to mutations or increased expression Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that help to regulate cell growth and differentiation An oncogene is a protein encoding gene, which — when deregulated — participates in the onset and development of cancer Risk Factors Family History-Genetics Age Lifestyle Habits Diet Physical Activity Sexual Activity Environment Air pollution Exposure to UV Chemical pollution My Current Research Chemoprevention The use of drugs, vitamins, or other agents to delay the start of cancer, keep it from starting, or stop it from coming back Background A large number of naturally occurring nutritive and nonnutritive constituents present in vegetables, fruits, and grain products has been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in animals Investigations have shown remarkable consistency in finding lower risk for a variety of cancers among populations consuming large amounts of plant foods, particularly fruits and vegetables Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) (IP6) is a polyphosphorylated carbohydrate found in high concentrations in cereals and legumes Phytic Acid (IP6) The anticancer properties of IP6 have been demonstrated in different experimental models IP6 has been demonstrated to prevent and abrogate both primary tumor and metastasis in vivo. Remember Diet is Very Important Top 10 Cancer Fighting Foods 1.Tomatoes 2.Broccoli Sprouts 3.Berries 4.Soybeans 5.Tea 6.Pumpkin 7.Spinach 8.Garlic 9.Pineapple 10. Apple Lecture Ideas/Lab Activities The day of presentation, I plan to bring some platters containing a few of the fruits that were displayed in the previous slide A 3-Day lab activity where students will learn to make solutions Day 1: Calculations (worksheets and hand-outs) Day 2: Preparing Stock solutions from solids and liquids Day 3: Dilutions (C1*V1=C2*V2 ) and learn proper use of pipettes Once students have obtained the skills to make solutions, in the next lab students (in groups) will run an actual western blot where they make their own necessary solutions and prepare a gel Purpose: To emphasize the importance of proteins in cellular processes. Relate back to the role proteins play in the progression of cancer. Lastly, students will perform lab Extracting DNA. This is a two-part lesson Purpose: To develop understanding of DNA by modeling the process of DNA extraction In the first part, students will explore Internet resources to develop their knowledge of DNA. In the second part, the class will do an experiment that demonstrates DNA extraction. Acknowledgements Thank You GK-12 Questions