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Biology EOC
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2
Abiotic Factors
the nonliving factors
activation
energy
the amount of energy required to start a
reaction
Active
Transport
requires energy to move substances across
the cell membrane
4.
Allele
alternative form of a gene
5.
Animals
Are multi-cellular eukaryotic comsumers
6.
Anti-Codon
3 letters in tRNA
1.
2.
3.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
DensityIndependent
Factors
droughts, floods, fires, weather, human
activity
27.
Diffusion
movement of a substance across the cell
membrane from an area of high
concentration to low concentration
28.
DNA
a nucleic acid, in the shape of a double
helix, A pairs with T and C pairs with G
DNA
replication
making a copy of DNA
30.
Dominant
trait that always appears, shown using a
capital letter
31.
Ecosystems
includes all biotic and abiotic factors in a
given area
32.
enzymes
proteins that speed up chemical reactions
33.
Eubacteria
True bacteria
34.
Eukaryotes
Are single-celled and multi-cellular
organisms; true nucleus like plants, animals,
mushrooms(fungi), and amoebas(protists).
exponential
growth
J-curve
Facilitated
transport
(facilitated
diffusion)
a protein carrier helps transport a
substance across the cell membrane
37.
Food chain
sequence that links species by their feeding
relationships
Cell Membrane Controls what goes in/out of the cell
38.
Fungi
Cellular
Respiration
the process organisms use to get energy
from carbohydrates
Consumers that absorb nutrients from
decomposing dead organisms and wastes.
39.
Gene
Cell Wall
Protects the cell and gives the cell its
shape
located on the chromosomes, passed down
from parent to offspring
40.
Genotype
the letter combination
Archaebacteria Are mainly found in extreme environments
such as the deep oceans, hot springs,and
swamps.
Asexual
Reproduction
does not require a partner
Biomes
A group of ecosystems in the same region
having similar types of
vegetation governed by similar climatic
conditions
Biotic Factors
All the living organisms in an ecosystem
BOTH virus
and living
organism
can reproduce, respond to their
environment, evolve, and contain genetic
material (DNA & RNA)
Carnivore
eats other animals (i.e. lions)
Carolus
Linnaeus
created a system of classification
carrying
capacity
the maximum amount a population can hold
26.
29.
35.
36.
18.
Charles Darwin
father of evolution
41.
Gentics
the branch of biology that studies heredity
19.
Chrloroplasts
Capture solar energy for photosynthesis
42.
Golgi Body
Modify, sort, and ship proteins
20.
Codon
3 letters in DNA or mRNA
43.
father of genetics
21.
Community
a collection of populations that interact
with
each other in a given area
Gregor
Mendel
44.
growth rate
a change in population
45.
Habitat
place where the organism
lives
46.
Herbivore
eats plants (i.e. deer)
47.
Heterozygous
different
22.
Crossing Over
when 2 chromosomes overlap and
exchange a piece of their chromosome
23.
cytoplasm
the location DNA is found in a prokaryotic
cell
24.
Decomposer
breaks down dead organisms (i.e bacteria)
48.
Homeostasis
the ability to maintain an internal balance
DensityDependent
Factors
competition, predatation, parasitism,
crowding/stress
49.
Homozygous
the same
Law of
Domiance
the dominant allele will prevent the
recessive allele from showing
25.
50.
Law of
Independent
Assortment
different pairs of genes separate
indepdently
Law of
Segregation
gene pairs separate
Living
Organisms
contain organelles, cells, and can be either
prokaryotic or eukaryotic
54.
logistic growth
S-shaped
55.
Meiosis
the process of producing sex cells (sperm
and egg)
56.
Mitochondria
Makes energy int he form of ATP
57.
Mitosis
cell division
58.
Mutation
any change in DNA
59.
Niche
role that a species plays in its community
60.
nucelus
the location DNA is found in a eukaryotic
cell
61.
Nucleus
Contains DNA, which controls cellular
funtion
62.
Omnivores
eats both plants and animals (i.e raccoons)
63.
Osmosis
the diffusion of water molecules
Passive
Transport
requires no energy, the movement of
substances across the cell membrane
65.
Phenotype
physical characteristics
66.
Plants
Are photosynthetic multi-cellular
eukaryotes
67.
Population
includes all the organisms in the same
species
population
density
the amount or number of organisms in a
given area
69.
Prokaryotes
Lack a true nucleus,bacteria and archaea
70.
Protists
Contains eukaryotic organisms that lives in
moist environment.
71.
Recessive
the trait that disappears if dominant allele
is present, shown using a lower case letter
72.
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
73.
RNA
includes U (uracil), single stranded
Sexual
Reproduction
requires another partner
75.
Species
Most specific level of classification
76.
substrate
the molecule that binds to an enzyme
77.
Taxonomy
Is the branch of biology dealing with the
grouping and naming of organisms.
78.
Transcription
making mRNA from DNA
79.
Translation
process of making amino acids and
proteins from mRNA
80.
trophic level
each level in the food chain or energy
pyramid
51.
52.
53.
64.
68.
74.
81.
Viruses an infectious particle that must infect a host to
reproduce, contains a protein shell called a capsid