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25-2 Name: Date: THE IRON CURTAIN AND NATO The allied victory in WWII made it possible for the Soviet Union to impose Communism on eastern European countries, and by 1948 they had succeeded; almost all of eastern Europe was Communist controlled. These countries included East Germany, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Albania, Czechoslovakia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. 1. On the map draw (/////) lines in all the mentioned above. countries The nations controlled by the Soviet Union were said to be "behind the Iron Curtain." There was very little communication between the Iron Curtain nations and the nations of western Europe. 2. Show the border between the Iron Curtain countries and the western European countries by drawing a heavy line connecting the X's that start on the border between West Germany and East Germany. In 1945 relations between the United States and the Soviet Union began to deteriorate. A long period—some forty-five years—known as the Cold War began. During this period the United States and the Soviet Union were close to war several times. In April 1949, the United States entered into an agreement with Canada and several European countries. The North Atlantic Treaty, as the agreement was called, provided that an armed attack against any treaty nation would be considered an attack against all of the nations. The treaty called for a military force, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), to be made up of soldiers and sailors from the fifteen member nations. NATO had the overall purpose of preventing the forceful spread of Communism in Europe. 3. The following listed countries were part of NATO. On the map write N (for NATO) in the countries: Iceland, Belgium, Turkey, Italy, Denmark, France, Greece, Norway, Portugal, West Germany, Luxembourg, Great Britain, Ireland, Netherlands. Note: Spain and Finland were not part of NATO, nor were they Communist nations. 239 © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. http://www.teachervision.fen.com