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Storm: a violent disturbance in the atmosphere Thunderstorm: heavy rainstorms accompanied by thunder and lightning Form in cumulonimbus clouds Produce strong upward and downward winds Lightning: a sudden spark or energy discharge within clouds, between clouds, or cloud to ground Thunder: the sound lightning makes as the heated air expands rapidly Safety: Don’t touch metal objects Stay away from tall objects outside Tornado: a rapidly whirling funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down from a storm cloud to touch Earth’s surface Called a waterspout if over a lake or ocean Develop in low, cumulonimbus clouds Likely in spring and early summer “tornado alley” – Great Plains area where tornados are very likely because of weather patterns Watch: possible in your area (keep an eye out) Warning: has been sighted or shown on radar (take cover immediately) Safety: Take cover in basement if possible (center of building if not) Stay away from windows and doors If outside, lie flat in a ditch or get to a building Hurricane: a tropical storm that has winds of 119 km/hr or greater (also called a typhoon in the Western Pacific Ocean) Begin over warm water as a low-pressure area or tropical disturbance Can grow to a tropical storm by getting energy from the warm, humid air The lowest pressure is at the center; the lower it is, the faster the winds blow Eye: calm center of the hurricane Storm Surge: a “dome” of water that sweeps across the coast where a hurricane lands Safety: Evacuate: move away temporarily