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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
& APPLICATIONS
GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) EXAMINATION SYLLABUS IT05
CONTENTS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 2
AIMS ...................................................................................................................... 2
ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES............................................................................... 3
SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 4
USE OF CALCULATOR ........................................................................................ 7
SUBJECT CONTENT ............................................................................................ 8
LEARNING OUTCOMES....................................................................................... 9
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED .......................................................................... 17
1
IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
& APPLICATIONS
GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) EXAMINATION SYLLABUS IT05
I
INTRODUCTION
1
This is a Normal (Technical) examination syllabus for a two-year course at the
upper secondary level. The syllabus allows students to develop an awareness
of the importance and benefits of electrical technology in modern life. It
provides the foundation for further studies in electrical engineering or related
fields at post-secondary level.
2
The subject seeks to unlock the science and technology that underpins the
operation and control of lighting, power, security, communication systems etc
for residential, and commercial and industrial applications.
3
Students will learn, through a combination of theory lessons and hands-on
practical training, principles and laws of electricity; electric circuits; appliances
and systems.
4
Students will also learn how to integrate and apply their knowledge to devise
solutions for real-life project electrical and control applications.
II
AIMS
5
The aims of the subject are as follows:
5.1
Equip students with a basic knowledge of electrical installation
technology in preparation for further engineering studies at postsecondary level;
5.2
Enable students to acquire skills and knowledge that are of immediate
relevance and use in daily life;
5.3
Enable students to develop their analytical abilities and problemsolving skills;
5.4
Inculcate in students safety consciousness and safe working habits;
5.5
Enable students to understand the applications of
technology in our living environment; and
5.6
Develop in students an interest in a post-secondary engineeringbased education.
2
electrical
IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
III
ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES
6
The assessment objectives are classified into THREE categories.
6.1
Practical Skills (36%)
Students should be able to:
6.2
6.1.1
Follow a sequence of instructions or test procedures;
6.1.2
Draw and read circuit diagrams;
6.1.3
Use correct tools and systematic techniques;
6.1.4
Connect electrical components and circuits with reference to diagrams
and drawings;
6.1.5
Evaluate and test operation of electrical components, equipment and
circuits;
6.1.6
Obtain, record and/or interpret observations, measurements and test
results; and
6.1.7
Adopt safe working habit and practices in handling of equipment and
tools and when working with electricity.
Knowledge with Understanding (24%)
Students should be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of
electricity, electric circuits and technology, including:
6.3
6.2.1
Facts, principles, natural laws and concepts, theories;
6.2.2
Electrical terminology, formulae, conventions (including symbols,
quantities, units of measurement); and
6.2.3
Electrical measuring and test instruments and tools (including
techniques of operation, safety aspects, care and use).
Analytical and Problem-Solving Skills (40%)
Students should be able to:
6.3.1
Interpret, evaluate and manipulate data and values available to
calculate electrical quantities or solve problems;
6.3.2
Apply knowledge acquired in the subject to analyse requirements of
engineering problem or application; and
6.3.3
Recommend and virtually construct and test, with the aid of a
computer-based control circuit design software, control circuit for
engineering problem or application.
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
IV
SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT
7
Assessment would be through a combination of knowledge and
understanding, practical skills as well as analytical and problem-solving skills.
Students will sit for all 4 papers.
7.1
Paper 1 - Written Exam (1 hour)
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.2
-
Section A contains 24 multiple-choice questions with a total of 24
marks.
-
Section B contains 5 structured questions of equal or varying
marks, with a total of 16 marks.
All questions are compulsory.
Paper 21 - Practical Assessment 1 (1 hour 40 minutes)
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.3
This paper contains two sections.
This paper contains two parts.
-
Part A (25 minutes) requires students to complete a lighting circuit
diagram. Candidates must complete this part before starting Part
B.
-
Part B (75 minutes) requires students to wire up the lighting circuit
in accordance with a given lighting circuit diagram. Candidates
must observe all workshop safety rules and take all necessary
safety precautions when connecting the circuit. Candidates who do
not fulfill this requirement would fail the test.
All questions are compulsory.
Paper 22 - Practical Assessment 2 (1 hour 20 minutes)
7.3.1
7.3.2
This paper contains two parts.
-
Part A (25 minutes) requires students to complete the circuit
diagram of an electrical appliance. Candidates must complete this
part before starting Part B.
-
Part B (55 minutes) requires students to measure analyse and
interpret electrical readings and hence identify the conditions
and/or faults in the appliance. A terminal box will be used to
represent the appliance and the circuit diagram of the appliance
will be provided.
All questions are compulsory.
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
7.4
Paper 3 - Control Circuit Design Assessment (1 hour 45 minutes)
7.4.1
7.4.2
8
This paper contains two parts.
-
Part A (45 minutes) requires students to design a control circuit to
solve engineering problem or meet the needs of the application.
Candidates must complete this part before starting Part B.
-
Part B (60 minutes) requires students to construct and test the
control circuit using computer-based circuit design software in
accordance with a given control circuit diagram.
All questions are compulsory.
The assessment grid is reflected in Table 1. The percentages relating to the
weighting for each topic covered in the written exam serve as a guide; the
actual weighting for each topic may vary slightly.
Table 1: Overview of Practical Assessments,
Control Circuit Design Assessment and Written Exam
Assessment Objectives and Weighting
Practical Skills
(36%)
Analytical and ProblemSolving Skills (40%)
Topic
Paper 21 and
Paper 22
Electrical Principles
Electrical Safety,
Installation and
Protection
Electrical Appliances
Control Circuit Design
Total
Paper 3
Knowledge
with
Understanding (24%)
Paper 1
Structured
Questions
MultipleChoice
Questions
-
-
-
6%
8%
18%
-
-
5%
7%
-
18%
-
3%
5%
-
-
24%
2%
4%
24%
16%
24%
36%
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
Timeline of Assessment
9
The timeline showing the recommended schedule for the conduct of the
assessments are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: Timeline of Assessment
Paper
Date
Paper 21 Practical Assessment 1
Sep/Oct of Year 1
Paper 22 Practical Assessment 2
Apr/May of Year 2
Paper 3 Control Circuit Design Assessment
Aug/Sep of Year 2
Paper 1 Written Exam
Sep/Oct of Year 2
Assessment of Practicals (Paper 21 and Paper 22) and
Control Circuit Design (Paper 3)
10
The two practical assessments and control circuit design assessment shall be
conducted under examination conditions. Students are not allowed to
communicate with their classmates or to seek guidance and advice from their
teachers, except for the control circuit design assessment. Marking will take
the assistance provided into consideration.
11
Table 3 shows the details of the assessments.
Table 3: Details of Practical Assessments
and Circuit Control Design Assessment
S/N
Description
Duration
Weighting
Paper 21
(Practical
Assessment 1)
Electrical Safety, Installation and
Protection in The Home
- Draw and connect a lighting circuit
1 hour 40
minutes
18%
Paper 22
(Practical
Assessment 2)
Electrical Appliances
- Trace and identify faults in
electrical appliance
1 hour 20
minutes
18%
Paper 3 (Control
Circuit Design
Assessment)
Design of Control Circuits
- Devise, construct and test control
circuit for engineering problem
and/or application using computerbased control circuit design
software
1 hour 45
minutes
24%
4 hours 45
minutes
Total
6
60%
IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
12
13
The main criteria for assessment can be summarized as follows:
12.1
Parts and components in circuit diagrams drawn must be labeled
correctly and in accordance with instructions;
12.2
The colour codes for cables and circuit connections must comply with
approved standards;
12.3
All connections must be correct, and also electrically and mechanically
sound;
12.4
The ability to analyse and interpret circuit readings correctly;
12.5
The ability to apply knowledge to devise solution for engineering
problems or application; and
12.6
Observation and/or adherence to safety rules and precautions.
Task specific assessment rubric will be used for awarding raw marks of
practical and control circuit design assessments. Criticality value (1, 2, 3) will
be factored on the raw score based on the relative importance of the element
being assessed in terms of safety and risk of damage or loss of life,
equipment or property in the event of a mishap caused as result of failure to
meet requirement or standard of performance. Elements which would have a
serious impact in all of these aspects are pegged at 3; those with little or no
impact would be pegged at 1. Criticality factor 2 is assigned to elements that
are rated between 1 and 3. Difficulty value (1, 2, 3) will be factored on the raw
score based how difficult the task / requirement is.
Written Examination (Paper 1)
14
The written exam for the subject is of 1 hour duration, constitutes 40% of the
total marks for the subject, and shall be conducted at the end of Year 2.
15
The written exam has two sections:
15.1
Section A, worth 24 marks, contains 24 multiple-choice questions (all
compulsory)
15.2
Section B, worth 16 marks, contains 5 structured questions, with equal
or varying marks (all compulsory).
V
USE OF CALCULATOR
16
An approved calculator may be used for Paper 1, 21, 22 and 3.
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
VI
SUBJECT CONTENT
17
This subject has a strong emphasis on practical-oriented training. In terms of
training hours, the proportion of theory and practical training is 40:60.
18
There are FOUR topics in the subject:
18.1 Electrical Principles
18.2 Electrical Safety, Installations and Protection
18.3 Electrical Appliances
18.4 Control Circuit Design
18.1 Electrical Principles
The contents of this section are as follows:
(a)
Electrical safety
(b)
Electric circuits
(c)
Electric circuits laws
(d)
Electric circuit connections
(e)
Electricity consumption and energy conservation
(f)
Electric power sources
18.2 Electrical Safety, Installations and Protection
The contents of this section are as follows:
(a)
Electrical supply system
(b)
Electrical hazards and protection
(c)
Electrical accessories
(d)
Electrical cables
(e)
Electrical test instruments
(f)
Electrical final circuits
18.3 Electrical Appliances
The contents of this section are as follows:
(a)
Electrical appliances
(b)
Identification of electrical faults
(c)
Tools and techniques for fault identification
18.4 Control Circuit Design
The contents of this section are as follows:
(a)
Modern approach to solving engineering problems
(b)
Building blocks of control circuits
(c)
Logic circuits
(d)
Use of control circuit design software
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
VII
LEARNING OUTCOMES
18.1
Electrical Principles
This section covers the basic principles of electricity, connection of simple
electrical circuits and the use of measuring instruments to measure and
monitor electrical quantities. Upon completion of this section, students would
be able to:
Electrical Safety
18.1.1
Explain the 2 types of electric shock:
–
Direct contact
–
Indirect contact
18.1.2
Explain the potential dangers in electrical work
18.1.3
Understand the danger of hazardous work practices
18.1.4
Explain the precautions and procedures for safe electrical work
18.1.5
Explain the benefits of good housekeeping in electrical work
18.1.6
Recommend measures to protect against electrical hazards
Electric Circuits
18.1.7
Explain how an electric circuit works
18.1.8
State the 3 basic electrical quantities: voltage, current and
resistance
18.1.9
Draw the symbols for the 3 basic electrical quantities
18.1.10
State the units of measurement for voltage, current and resistance
18.1.11
Describe the use of a voltmeter for measuring voltage
18.1.12
Describe the use of an ammeter for measuring current
18.1.13
Describe the use of an ohmmeter for measuring resistance
18.1.14
State the different uses of a multimeter
18.1.15
Exercise safety precautions when handling and using measuring
instruments
18.1.16
Measure, with the use of the appropriate measuring instruments,
voltage, current and resistance
18.1.17
Understand how to read the correct value of meter reading for
different meter ranges
Electric Circuit Laws
18.1.18
Understand the relationship between current, resistance and
voltage for simple circuit analysis
18.1.19
Understand the relationship between current, resistance and
voltage (Ohm’s Law): V = I x R
18.1.20
Apply Ohm's Law to determine current, resistance or voltage in an
electric circuit
18.1.21
Connect a simple electric circuit comprising ammeter, voltmeter,
load and power supply to verify Ohm’s Law
Electric Circuit Connections
18.1.22
Identify the three methods of connecting electrical loads: series,
parallel and series-parallel
18.1.23
State the characteristics of a series circuit:
–
One path for current flow
–
Supply voltage equals to sum of individual voltages
–
Total resistance is larger than the largest individual resistance
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18.1.24
18.1.25
18.1.26
18.1.27
18.1.28
18.1.29
18.1.30
18.1.31
State the characteristics of a parallel circuit
–
Supply voltage is the same as all branch voltages
–
Supply or total current is equal to the sum of individual branch
currents
–
Total resistance is smaller than the smallest individual
resistance
Apply Ohm’s Law to determine currents, voltages and resistances
in a series circuit of 2 resistors
Apply Ohm’s Law to determine currents, voltages and resistances
in a parallel circuit of 2 resistors
Determine the total resistance of series circuit comprising 2
resistors using the formula: RT = R1 + R2
Determine the total resistance of a parallel circuit comprising 2
resistors using the formula: 1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2
Connect series circuit comprising 2 resistors, voltmeters and
ammeters for the purpose of verifying the characteristics of series
circuit
Connect parallel circuit comprising 2 resistors, voltmeters and
ammeters for the purpose of verifying the characteristics of parallel
circuit
Recognise that a series-parallel circuit has a combination of series
and parallel circuits
Electricity Consumption and Energy Conservation
18.1.32
Define the terms 'power' and 'energy' in electric circuits
18.1.33
State the units of measurement for power (watt) and energy (joule)
18.1.34
State the formulae to determine power of an electric circuit
comprising one electrical load: P = V x I
18.1.35
State the formulae to determine energy of an electric circuit
comprising one electrical load: W = P x t
18.1.36
Apply the formulae to determine power and energy of an electric
circuit comprising one electrical load
18.1.37
Interpret the power rating of an electrical load
18.1.38
State the practical unit of energy consumption in household - kWh
18.1.39
Calculate the energy consumption of an electrical load in kilo-watthour
18.1.40
Calculate the cost of energy consumption
18.1.41
Read and interpret electricity bills
18.1.42
Compare and/or contrast the energy requirement of different
electrical appliances (eg: refrigerator, water heater, computer, hifi
set, iron, washing machine, oven, clothes dryer)
18.1.43
Recommend strategies to reduce energy consumption
Electric Power Sources
18.1.44
State that supply sources can be alternating current (AC) or direct
current (DC)
18.1.45
Distinguish the differences between AC and DC
18.1.46
Distinguish the differences between a single-phase and a threephase supply
18.1.47
Identify the common source of AC
18.1.48
State the sources for DC
18.1.49
Define the function of a cell
18.1.50
Draw the symbol for a cell
18.1.51
Explain the difference between a cell and a battery
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
18.1.52
18.1.53
18.1.54
18.1.55
18.1.56
Outline the differences between a primary and a secondary cell
List cells that are commonly used in modern gadgets today:
–
Dry cells
–
Alkaline cells
–
Mercury cells
–
Lead-acid cells
–
Nickel Cadmium (NiCd)
–
Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)
–
Lithium Ion (Li-Ion)
–
Emerging and future types
State one application of cells
Identify the type of cells by visual examination
Explain the proper care and proper method of disposal for
rechargeable cells and batteries
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
18.2
Electrical Safety, Installations and Protection
This section covers the wiring of simple lighting and power circuits in
residential premises in compliance with relevant local standards, regulations
and codes of practice. Upon completion of this section, students would be
able to:
Electrical Supply System
18.2.1
List the common types of power stations (thermal coal or oil-fired,
hydroelectric, nuclear-powered)
18.2.2
List emerging and promising new renewable energy sources
(wind, wave, solar, fuel cells)
18.2.3
State the stages of energy conversion in a power station
18.2.4
Identify the major parts of a typical thermal power station
18.2.5
Explain how electricity is generated in a thermal power station in
terms of conversions in energy
18.2.6
Explain how electricity is transmitted from power station to
consumers
18.2.7
Explain how electricity is distributed in residential, commercial and
industrial premises
18.2.8
Explain the function of transformers in transmission and
distribution of electricity
18.2.9
State the voltages for generation, transmission and distribution of
electricity in Singapore
18.2.10
Explain the two main methods of transmission and distribution of
electricity: overhead or underground
Electrical Hazards and Protection
18.2.11
Explain the electrical hazards due to overcurrent
18.2.12
Explain the electrical hazards due to an earth fault
18.2.13
Understand the need to protect people and properties against
electrical hazards
18.2.14
Explain the importance of earthing to avoid the risk of electric
shock
18.2.15
Describe the application and selection of different electrical
protective devices for residential, commercial and industrial
applications (fuses, circuit breakers, residual current operated
circuit breakers)
18.2.16
Explain how protective devices can protect against electrical
hazards
18.2.17
List workshop safety rules and main precautions to be taken when
dealing with electricity
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
Electrical Accessories
18.2.18
Define the term ‘Accessory’
18.2.19
Identify the following electrical accessories by visual examination:
 Switch
–
One-way switch
–
Two-way switch
–
Intermediate switch
–
Ceiling switch
–
Dimmer switch
 Lamp-holder
–
Bayonet-cap
–
Edison screw
 Socket outlet and plug
18.2.20
State the applications of the common accessories
18.2.21
Explain the reason why single-pole switches must be connected to
the phase conductor
18.2.22
Wire an extension cord with 13A plug and socket-outlet
18.2.23
Explain the tests to establish whether an extension cord can be
used safely
18.2.24
Analyse test results to identify the type of faults in an extension
cord
18.2.25
Recommend corrective measures for fault(s) in an extension cord
Electric Cables
18.2.26
State the function of a cable
18.2.27
State the 3 main parts of a cable
18.2.28
Describe the specific role of the three main parts of a cable
18.2.29
State the common materials used as conductor
18.2.30
State the common materials used as insulator
18.2.31
Identify the common type of cable used in residential premises
18.2.32
Explain the purpose of stranding conductors in a cable
18.2.33
Understand the 2 ways of specifying cable size
18.2.34
State the common sizes of cable
18.2.35
State the standard colour codes for cables
Electrical Test Instruments
18.2.36
Explain the purpose of test instrument in electrical work
18.2.37
Explain the uses of a continuity tester, multimeter, insulation
resistance tester and socket-outlet polarity tester
18.2.38
Explain the functions of the test instruments
18.2.39
Explain the use of a continuity tester and multimeter to test for
continuity in an electric circuit
18.2.40
Explain the method to measure insulation resistance in electrical
equipment
18.2.41
Explain the method to test for correct polarity of a socket outlet
18.2.42
Recommend corrective measure to rectify wrong polarity
Electrical Final Circuits
18.2.43
Define the term ‘final circuit’
18.2.44
Analyse the design and characteristics of common final circuits:
–
Lighting final circuit
–
Power final circuit with 13A socket outlets
–
Final circuit using 15A socket outlet
–
Cooker final circuits in household premises
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18.2.45
18.2.46
18.2.47
18.2.48
18.2.49
18.2.50
18.2.51
18.2.52
18.2.53
18.2.54
18.2.55
18.2.56
Understand the 2 methods of wiring socket-outlet final circuit:
–
Radial final circuit
–
Ring final circuit
State the cable sizes commonly used for lighting and power final
circuits
State the protective device sizes commonly used for lighting and
power final circuits
Wire up lighting circuit with one-way control
Wire up lighting circuit with two-way control
Wire up lighting circuit with dimmer control
Wire up fluorescent lighting circuit with tubular and circular lamps
Wire up 13A radial power final circuit
Test and service lighting and power circuits
Explain the method for testing wiring circuits for safe use
Analyse test results to identify the type of faults
Recommend corrective measures for fault(s)
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
18.3
Electrical Appliances
This section covers the troubleshooting of common electrical appliances and
equipment. Upon completion of this section, students would be able to:
Electrical Appliances
18.3.1
Distinguish the main parts of the three common electrical
appliances:
–
Electric iron
–
Electric toaster
–
Electric cooker
18.3.2
Understand the working principles of the common electrical
appliances in 18.3.1
Identification of Electrical Faults
18.3.3
Describe the different type of electrical faults that can occur in
electrical appliances
–
Open circuit
–
Short circuit
–
Earth fault
–
Poor insulation
18.3.4
Investigate and interpret the tell-tale signs for different types of
faults
18.3.5
Inspect visually the tell-tale signs of defective appliances
–
Blown fuse
–
Broken power cords
–
Broken heating elements
–
Broken thermostat
–
Damaged appliance
Tools and Techniques for Fault Identification
18.3.6
Explain the use of continuity tester, multimeter and insulation
resistance tester for troubleshooting faults in common electrical
appliances
18.3.7
Troubleshoot faults with help of test instruments
18.3.8
Analyse test results to identify the type of faults
18.3.9
Recommend corrective measures for fault(s)
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
18.4
Control Circuit Design
The main purpose of this section is to introduce to students the concept of
virtual engineering that is widely practised in the industry today. Virtual
engineering involves the use of a computer-based control circuit design
software to design, construct and perform simulation tests of control circuits to
solve a given engineering problem or application.
Upon completion of this section, students would be able to:
Modern Approach to Solving Engineering Problems
18.4.1
Understand the modern industry practice of using computer-based
control circuit design software to represent circuits, engineering
problems and applications
Building Blocks of Control Circuits
18.4.2
Identify the three main building blocks of a control circuit (input,
control and output sections)
18.4.3
List a few examples of and explain the operation of input devices
(push buttons, switches, sensors)
18.4.4
Identify common types of control elements and/or devices (timers,
counters)
Logic Circuits
18.4.5
Explain the common types, operation and application of logic
circuits
18.4.6
Draw standard symbols of the following basic logic gate circuits:
AND, OR and NOT
18.4.7
Describe the operation of basic logic gate circuits: AND, OR and
NOT in terms of their truth table
18.4.8
Derive the truth table for basic logic circuits
Use of Control Circuit Design Software
18.4.9
Set up input function block
18.4.10
Set up logic gate, timer and counter function blocks
18.4.11
Set up output function block
18.4.12
Connect and test input, logic gate, timer, counter and output
function blocks
18.4.13
Analyse a given engineering problem or application in terms of
control requirements (input, control and output)
18.4.14
Recommend and devise control circuit to solve engineering
problem or meet the needs of the application
18.4.15
Construct and save control circuit on a computer using control
circuit design software
18.4.16
Understand the basic operation of a simple programmable logic
controller (PLC)
18.4.17
Download control circuit program from computer to PLC
18.4.18
Test functionality of control circuit on the PLC
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IT05 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS (2017)
VIII
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED
This glossary is to provide candidates with a clear understanding of the meaning,
intent and expectations relating to the requirements of learning outcomes and/or
questions in test papers.
1
Analyse refers to the ability to consider, in detail, results, data and/or
information available to deduce or discover essential features, the possible
causes or the correct answer or solutions to a problem at hand.
2
Apply refers to the ability to put one’s knowledge of natural laws, principles or
formulae to some practical or specific use.
3
Calculate refers to the use of mathematical methods to determine a result.
4
Compare would require students to give the similarities and differences
between items, concepts, ideas etc.
5
Connect refers to the joining or fastening together, physically or by wires, two
or more circuit components and devices.
6
Construct means to draw and form, on a display screen, a circuit diagram
comprising parts or elements in a systematic manner so as to meet specified
requirements.
7
Define would require a formal statement or declaration of the meaning of a
given term or phrase.
8
Describe would require students to state in words (with diagrams or drawings
as appropriate) the component, condition, type of operation etc.
9
Determine means to establish or ascertain the value, answer or result by
means of calculation, investigation, experiment, survey or study.
10
Distinguish refers to the ability to perceive or identify the differences
between given systems and/or equipment.
11
Explain would require an answer that which could include the definition of the
term(s), some relevant comments and/or reference to theory.
12
Identify as applied to a component, device, drawing symbol etc refers to the
recognition and giving the correct term, phrase and/or cause or reason.
13
Interpret refers to the ability to conceive the significance of a problem or
event, offer an explanation and/or explain the meaning of the problem or
event.
14
Investigate means to observe or inquire into in detail on the operation or
operational performance of an equipment or system.
15
List means a series of words, items etc.
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16
Measure refers to the use of a measuring or test instrument to determine the
value of an electrical quantity in a circuit or equipment.
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Outline refers to a listing or summary of the main points and/or differences
between two or more devices or equipment items.
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Read as applied to the use of measuring instruments refers to the ability to
derive the true value of the electrical quantity being measured.
19
Recognise means to know, accept or remember something that is true of a
concept, idea or fact.
20
Recommend refers to the ability to come up with a correct solution or
solutions to solve a given problem or restore a circuit or equipment to its
normal condition based on a understanding of the underlying causes of the
problem.
21
State would require a straight forward and direct answer with little or no
supporting comments or reference to theory or concepts.
22
Test refers to the process of verifying whether a component, circuit,
appliance, equipment and/or system works or performs as per requirements
and specifications
23
Troubleshoot calls for the ability to determine, by means of testing and
observation, the causes and solutions to a problem. It also means the ability
to restore an equipment or system to normal operation by means of
replacement of a part(s) or removing the cause of the abnormal operation.
24
Understand means the ability to perceive and comprehend the meaning,
nature and significance of a/an concept, equipment or system.
25
Wire is the act of connecting wires between circuit components and devices.
18