Download Chapter11Lesson2

CHAPTER 11 LESSON 2
NEW IDEAS AND ART
READ PAGE 293
1. What are some characteristics of
humanism?
● Based on ancient Greek and Roman ideas.
● Gave importance to the individual and to
human society.
● It was about gaining knowledge through
reason, not just through religious faith.
● Humanism encouraged people to be
active in their cities and to develop their
talents.
2. How did Western Europe gain new
knowledge about the study of ancient Roman
and Greek Works?
During the crusades Western Europeans came
into contact with the Middle East. Arab Muslims
scholars there and in Spain knew the classic
Greek and Roman writings. Byzantine scholars
also brought classical works to Italy.
READ
Page 294
Francesco Petrarch
Humanist scholar who
lived in Italy, called the
father of the Italian
Renaissance humanism
Dante Alighieri
Poet from Florence, Italy;
wrote the Divine Comedy
Geoffrey Chaucer
Writer from England;
wrote The Canterbury
Tales
Read page
295
4. Why would a movable type system not work well
with a language that has many characters or letters?
It would take a long time to
arrange individual letters to
form words
5. Why was Gutenberg’s printing press a better
option than writing books by hand?
Books could be quickly
printed by the printing
press because it was a
machine. Writing a book
by hand was slow and
took more time.
6.How are computers a better
option than Gutenberg’s printing
press?
You can correct mistakes easily when you
use a computer. The printers that we use
today aren’t as messy as a printing press.
You can read information on a computer
screen without printing it on a piece of
paper.
7. What types of books were printed on the printing
press in the first years of use?
Over half were religious
works (the bible, prayer
books)
8. Who was one of the leading scientists
during the Renaissance?
Leonardo da Vinci –
● he cut open dead bodies
to learn more about the
human body
● Studied fossils to
understand Earth’s early
history
● Also an inventor and an
engineer
9. How did Gutenberg’s printing press
change Europe?
The printing press made
books available to many
people and allowed
ideas to spread more
rapidly.
READ
Page 296
10. How did Renaissance Art
differ from Medieval Art?
●
●
Renaissance art tried to show what people really looked like.
They also tried to reveal peoples feelings.
They used Perspective – a way of showing people and things as
they appear at different distances. It gave paintings a realistic,
three-dimensional look.
READ
Page 297
11. What is the definition of the term
chiaroscuro?
The use of light and shadows instead of
stiff outlines to separate objects
12.What is the definition of the term
fresco?
A watercolor painting done on fresh
wet plaster
13. What does the Renaissance biographer
seem to like best about the Sistine Chapel?
It brings a sense of light to art and
the world after the darkness of
earlier centuries
14. What are 2 of Leonardo da Vinci’s
famous works of art?
Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
15.What is Michelangelo Buonarroti’s
most famous work of art?
The ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel
READ
Page 298
16. Name one of Raphael’s famous
frescos?
School of Athens
17. What group of people is shown in Raphael’s
fresco The School of Athens?
Greek philosophers
18. Why did people admire Raphael’s
paintings of Mary, the mother of Jesus?
They were done in
bright colors and
showed the
Renaissance ideals
of grace and beauty
19.How did the Renaissance ideas influence
northern or southern European art differently?
● Northern Europeans painted in oils rather
than in water-based paint.
● Southern Europeans based their art on
ancient Greek and Roman models.
READ
Page 299
20. Why do you think Shakespeare’s work
continue to be popular?
They are about universal themes, such a family
relationship, jealousy, fear, love, and power; the
comedies are funny; the words are eloquent, and
many modern expressions come from his works;
and popular actors continue to appear in them