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March 25, 2012
Benchmark Review
Understand the development of feudalism, its role in the medieval European economy, the way in which it
was influenced by physical geography (the role of the manor and the growth of towns), and how feudal
relationships provided the foundation of political order.
1. Which statement would most likely have been made by a medieval knight?
A. “I treated him, God cured him.”
B. “I will be no man’s tributary. As for my faith, I will not change it.”
C. “And we permit those of the Reformed religion to live and dwell.”
D. “ I am bound by honor and oath to serve my lord with sword and shield.” 2. Which of the following is a social and political arrangement that developed in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?
A. manorialism
B. feudalism
C. fealty
D. bureaucracy
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3. The head of a manor in feudal society is called a A. serf
B. vassal
C. knight
D. lord
4. Most people living in the manors of Medieval Europe, obtained the needs for their daily life
A. by traveling to the cities
B. from traveling merchants
C. by producing their own supplies
D. from the lords and landowners
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7.6.4 Demonstrate an understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and
European monarchs (e.g., Charlemagne, Gregory VII, Emperor Henry IV).
1. What was the subject of conNlict between Pope Gregory VII and the Holy Roman emperor, Henry IV?
A. The excommunication of Hildebrand and death of the previous pope
B. The rebellion of bishops
C. Pope Gregory banned the right of kings to appoint church ofNicials.
D. The excommunication of Pope Gregory VII
2. During the medieval period in Europe, the political power of the kings and great nobles was often constrained by the actions of A. elected parliaments
B. high Church ofNicials
C. the growing middle class
D. organized groups of serfs
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3. Which best describes the relationship between the church and European monarchs during the Middle Ages?
A. Both sides agreed that the pope was supreme and so there were no power struggles.
B. Kings were sovereigns and thus were never excommunicated by the popes.
C. Monarchs started to increase in power and did things such as appointing bishops.
D. Both sides agreed that the monarchs were supreme, so there were few power struggles.
4. The Clunaic Reforms were aimed at A. developing liturgy in English
B. dividing the Church between East and West
C. reducing corruption – concubinage, simony, buying and selling of church positions
D. increasing economic growth for church communities
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Know the significance of developments in medieval English legal and constitutional practices and their
importance in the rise of modern democratic thought and representative institutions (e.g., Magna Carta,
parliament, development of habeas corpus, an independent judiciary in England).
By subjecting the king to the rule of law, what document
became the basis for future legal reforms?
A. Magna Carta
B. English Bill of Rights
C. Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
D. Concordat of Worms
The Magna Carta recognized and supported which of the
following?
A. habeas corpus
B. judiciary review
C. voting rights for women
D. landownership for serfs
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Which quote is taken from the Magna Carta?
A. "To no one will we sell, no one will we deny or delay, the
right to justice."
B. "That all men are created equal, that they are endowed
by their Creator with certain unalienable rights."
C. "That election of members of parliament ought to be
free."
D. "Every law the people have not ratified in person is, in
fact, not a law."
Which is not true of the Magna Carta?
A. It was signed by King John of England in 1215
B. It gave nobles the right to trial by a jury of their peers
C. It placed the king under the rule of law by giving nobles
rights
D. It immediately gave rights and freedoms to ordinary
people.
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7.6.6 Discuss the causes and course of the religious Crusades and their effects on the Christian,
Muslim, and Jewish populations in Europe, with emphasis on the increasing contact by
Europeans with cultures of the Eastern Mediterranean world.
1. How did the crusades affect Europe?
A. They caused the population to shrink.
B. They caused several governments to collapse.
C. They led to the church’s power decreasing.
D. They led to monarch’s power increasing.
2. How did the crusades affect Jews?
A. Many Christians converted to Judaism.
B. Many Jews left Europe and went to Palestine.
C. Jews were persecuted throughout Europe.
D. Jews joined Christians to Night Muslims.
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3. How did the Crusades affect the economies of Central and Western Europe?
A. Gold and silver brought back by crusaders caused monetary inNlation.
B. The Crusades led to a decline in the production of crafts and food crops.
C. Cloth and spices brought back by crusaders led to greater interest in trade
D. The Crusades limited access to luxury goods from China and India. 4. Which of the following was not a result or event of the Crusades?
A. The Holy Land was transferred permanently to the control of European Christians.
B. Luxury goods from the East, such as spices and porcelain, were introduced to the European world.
C. The European Crusaders sacked the Christian city of Constantinople.
D. The trading of goods expanded and new ideas were exchanged.
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Understand the importance of the Catholic church as a political, intellectual, and aesthetic
institution (e.g., founding of universities, political and spiritual roles of the clergy, creation of
monastic and mendicant religious orders, preservation of the Latin language and religious texts,
St. Thomas Aquinas’s synthesis of classical philosophy with Christian theology, and the concept
of “natural law”).
1. Which of the following played an important role in the development of cathedral schools into universities? A. the monasteries
B. the College of Cardinals
C. the crusades
D. the mendicant orders
2. St. Thomas Aquinas’s work Summa Theologica was important because it A. provided the backdrop for the church’s rejection of other ways of thinking about God.
B. was written at a time when the Catholic Church was losing members to other religions.
C. provided a connection between Christian theology and classical philosophy.
D. was the one document that summarized church teachings for the laity at the time.
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3. By the 13th century, the new centers of learning had become
A. Niefdoms.
B. universities.
C. monasteries.
D. cathedrals.
4. The greatest artistic achievement of the Middle Ages was designed to Nill people with awe at the power of God. This was the
A. Great Market of Constantinople
B. Gothic cathedral.
C. Great Buddha Hall.
D. French salon. March 25, 2012
7.8.1 Describe the way in which the revival of classical learning and the arts fostered a new interest in
humanism (i.e., a balance between intellect and religious faith).
1. The Renaissance means "rebirth." What was reborn during
the Renaissance?
A. interest in Christianity
B. interest in classical culture
C. the Islamic religion
D. the Byzantine Empire
2. Which of these beliefs most closely relates to humanism?
A. belief in the strength of city-states
B. belief in the authority of the government
C. belief in the importance of old ideas
D. belief in the worth of the individual
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3. Which of the following was one factor that led to the
Renaissance?
A. Traders brought classical ideas to Europe.
B. Merchants brought medieval art to the east.
C. Scholars left Europe to study in the east.
D. Muslim leaders brought money to Europe.
4. The Crusades were Europeans' attempts to conquer the
Muslims and gain control of the Christian holy land. One
unexpected result of the Crusades was
A. political freedom for Muslims.
B. economic control of the east.
C. eastern influence in the west.
D. creative expression in the west.
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7.8.2 Explain the importance of Florence in the early stages of the Renaissance and the growth of
independent trading cities (e.g., Venice), with emphasis on the cities' importance in the spread of
Renaissance ideas.
1. Why was Florence called "the cradle of the Renaissance?
A The Renaissance developed there.
B The Renaissance required a lot of money.
C Most artists in Florence were young.
D Most children in Florence had many talents.
2. What important change made literature more popular during
the Renaissance than it had been before?
A Writers wrote about religious topics.
B People believed that reading led to salvation.
C Writers wrote in their own dialects.
D People believed that reading led to financial success.
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3. On what did Renaissance scientists base their work?
A observation
B intuition
C religion
D engineering
4. Where did Florentines (people from Florence) get ideas for
the designs of their buildings?
A. from their travels to the Arabian Peninsula
B. from their study of Greek and Roman ruins
C. from their study of math and engineering
D. from their participation in church activities
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7.8.4 Describe the growth and effects of new ways of disseminating information (e.g., the ability to
manufacture paper, translation of the Bible into the vernacular, printing).
1. What invention helped spread Renaissance ideas?
A. movable type print
B. paved trade routes
C. horse drawn wagons
D. networks of canals
2. What was one result of the invention of the printing
press?
A. Trade increased between Europe and Asia.
B. More people became great artists.
C. More people learned to read.
D. Cities grew throughout Europe and Asia.
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3. Who invented and perfected a movable type printing
press?
A. Miguel de Cervantes
B. Jan Van Eyck
C. John Cabot
D. Johann Gutenberg
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7.8.5 Detail advances made in literature, the arts, science, mathematics, cartography, engineering, and the
understanding of human anatomy and astronomy (e.g., by Dante Alighieri, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo
di Buonarroti Simoni, Johann Gutenberg, William Shakespeare).
1. Which Renaissance writer wrote the novels The Divine
Comedy and Inferno?
A. Sir Thomas More
B. Francois Rabelais
C. Dante Alighieri
D. Desiderius Erasmus
2. The famous Italian artist who painted the Mona Lisa was
A. Michelangelo Buonarroti
B. Leonardo da Vinci
C. Giovanni Boccaccio
D. Filippo Brunelleschi
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3. Which famous English author and playwright wrote
Othello and Hamlet?
A. Sir Thomas More
B. Leonardo da Vinci
C. William Shakespeare
D. Edgar Allen Poe
4. Leonardo da Vinci is an example of a Renaissance man
because
A. he had a strong desire to learn, was artistically talented,
and was a great scientific thinker.
B. he was very athletic, a sound businessman, and a military
genius.
C. he was artistically talented, a sound businessman, and a
military genius.
D. he was athletic, politically motivated, and a sound
businessmen.
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