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3.30 t CLASSICAL EMPIRES Ch'in and Han Dynasties in China DYNASTIESIPERIOD 403-221 11 . . BCE Warring States period ft 256-206 Ch'in ft 202 BCE-220 Han I 9-23 CE Hsin rule over Han China ~ EARLY CIVILIZATIONS 256 BCE-220 CE BCE EVENTS 300 256 Ch'in emerges as most powerful of Warring States. Ch'in kills last Chou king, Nan . 246 Cheng becomes king of Ch'in 230-221 Ch'in defeats all other Warring States 221 Ch'in king Cheng names himself Shih Huang Tt, "first supreme (universal) emperor" over first unified, centralized Chinese state. Currency, script, and weights and measures standardized 220-214 Construction of Great Wall of China to link BCE CE existing fortifications 12~ 200 to keep out nomads 214 Ch'in China reaches greatest extent 213 "Burning of the Books": Shih Huang Ti has all literature he considers subversive destroyed 210 Shih Huang Ti dies. Erh Shih, last Ch'in emperor, succeeds him and rules to 206. Erh Shih, a harsh ruler, kills capable ministers. His tyrannical widespread uprisings and civil war 150 100 rule results in 206 Liu Pang, rebel general, defeats last Ch'in emperor Erh Shih. Ch'in Empire disintegrates into small states; Liu Pang rules state of Han 202 Liu Pang, later known as Emperor Kao Tsu, declares himself Chinese emperor, founds (Western or former) Han dynasty and rules to 195. Capital established at Ch'ang-an 179-157 Reign of Western Han emperor Liu Heng, later known as Wen Ti, considered an ideal Confucian 50 CE central Asia; his reports lead to establishment route known as Silk Road I 50 100 A soldier of the ''terra-cotta army." Hundreds of these were buried in the 150 tomb of the Ch'in emperor Shih Huang BCE) to protect him in the afterlife. Ti (reigned 221-210 200 . ruler (upright and accountable to other statesmen). Han China peaceful and prosperous 140 Confucianism (system or code of ethics) adopted as orthodox ideology of state 140-87 Reign of Wu Ti, longest reigning Western Han emperor. Han China battles against nomadic Hsiung-nu and expands into central Asia 138-126 Chang Chien, Han diplomatic envoy, travels in of trade 32-7 BCE During rule of succession of young, weak Western Han emperors, Wang family grows powerful 1-9 CE Wang Mang rules as regent for two infant Han emperors, Ping Ti (1-6 CE) and Ju-Tzu Ying (6-9 CE) 9 Wang Mang seizes power, proclaims himself emperor, and establishes Hsin dynasty 23 Uprisings throughout China. Wang Mang killed in palace by rebels: Hsin dynasty ends. City of Ch'ang-an destroyed. China descends into civil war, fought between numerous factions (to 36) 25 Liu Hsiu, member of Han dynasty later known as Emperor Kuang Wu Ti, restores (Eastern or latter) Han dynasty and rules to 57. Capital established at what is now Loyang 36 Han China finally pacified and reunified 58-88 Eastern Han China at its most powerful, during reigns of Ming Ti (58-76) and Chang Ti (76-88). China expands into central Asia and fights Hsiung-nu 184 "Yellow Turbans," Taoist sect, revolts in north. Successfully put down by Han general Tsao T'sao, who later rebels against Han dynasty himself 189-220 Reign of last Eastern Han emperor Hsien Ti. Struggles between court factions lead to loss of central control; widespread uprisings result 220 Last Eastern Han emperor Hsien Ti abdicates. Han China splits into three kingdoms between 220 and 222 Period dominated by another dynasty 250 @ Diagram All electronic . storage, reproduction, or transmittal Published by Facts On File, Inc. is copyright protected by the publisher. .