Download Biology

Biology Support Program
Year 11 Summer Bridging the gap work
Name: ______________________________
These questions are based on GCSE Biology Content which is relevant to A Level
Biology.
In order to help you answer the questions and prepare for A Biology it is strongly
recommended that you purchase the new course textbook.
(It will be essential to purchase this book for the A Level Course in September.)
Book details:
Title: OCR AS/A Level Biology A Second Edition (New for 2015).
Author: Sue Hocking; Frank Sichacki; Mark Winterbottom.
Publisher: Pearson learning
These textbooks can also be purchased in the shop ( reduced rate)
Please print out your answers and bring to the first lesson back in September. If
you have any problems please email:
[email protected] or
[email protected]
Additionally, you will need to find and read a relevant biology book or Journal
article (e.g new scientist/ Biological science review). Write a brief summary to
cover: why you chose the article/book and the key points from what you read.
Reference your book or article at the end of the summary.
Cell structure
1. Draw or find a picture of a typical animal cell
2. Draw or find a picture of a typical plant cell.
3. Complete the table below to state the functions of each of the parts of a
cell.
Cell
component
Nucleus
Function
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Ribosome
Extension : what other organelles are found in cells that you have not learnt about?
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
Find a diagram of a cell membrane with labels if possible.
5.
Give a definition for each of the following terms and give examples where
these process happen.
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
6. Find diagrams to show mitosis and meiosis. Then complete the table to show
the differences between the cell division of mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis
Meiosis
Type of cells which
complete this division
Number of division in this
process
Number of cells produced
by the division
Compare the number of
chromosomes in the
daughter cells to the
parent cell.
( same, double or half)
Why this cell division is
necessary.
7. Embryonic stem cells are unspecialised cells that can differentiate into any type
of cell. Find examples of 2 specialised animals cells and 2 specialised plant cells
and state one way they are adapted to their function.
8. a. Draw red arrows on the diagram to show the flow of oxygenated blood.
b. Draw blue arrows on the diagram to show the flow of deoxygenated
blood.
The Heart
c. Why is the left hand side of the heart thicker than the right hand side of
the heart.
d. What are coronary arteries?
e. What is coronary heart disease?
9. Complete the table on blood vessels and the questions below
arteries
capillaries
veins
Carry blood _______________
from the heart
Connect __________________
and ____________________
Carry blood _______________
_________ the heart
Carry ____________________
blood
Carry both oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood
Carry ____________________
blood
____ ___________________
____ _____________________
Have valves to stop the
backflow of blood
Have a _______________
layer of muscle
Walls are very ______________
Thin layer of muscle
______________ space inside
Tiny vessels in close contact
to cells
______________ space inside
Blood flows at ___________
pressure due to the action of
the heart
Low blood pressure and
slow speed to allow exchange
of materials
Blood flows at _____________
pressure
a. Which artery does not carry oxygenated blood?
b. In which vessels can a pulse be felt?
c. Why do veins contain valves?
d. Why are the capillary walls so thin?
e. What happens to the speed of blood as it flows through
capillaries? Why does this happen?
9b. Plants do not have blood explain how they transport water, sucrose(sugar) to
different parts of the plant.
10a.
a. Explain how the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles work to change
the pressure in the lungs during inhalation and exhalation.
b. Explain how the alveoli are adapted to their function of gas exchange and
diffusion.
c. Why is haemoglobin important in gas transportation around the body?
10b. Find diagrams to show how gases are exchanged in fish and insects. Brief explain
how they are different from humans.
10. Explain (with aid of a diagram if necessary) what happens when a pathogen
gets into your body.
11.
What is a vaccine and how do they help us to not get ill from a disease?
On the picture you can see two different peppered moths. The light
peppered moth and the dark peppered moth.
12. Clearly explain what will happens to the numbers of each coloured moth in a highly polluted
area and why.
13. Conserving biodiversity is important find out what is meant by in situ conservation and ex
situ conservation. Try to give examples of each type of conservation.
14. A classification system is used to help identify organisms. Name the hierarchical system
for humans from Domain down to species.
15. DNA is an important biological molecule to help classify organisms into
the same taxonomic groups. Find a diagram to show the structure of DNA.
Then draw the basic structure of a nucleotide – these are the monomers of
DNA.
Maths practice( the maths content of the course has increased – please try)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Find the mean of the following numbers:89,87,65,97,86,92,88,75,84,83
Find out what standard deviation shows about a set of data.
What is the simplest form of the ratio 32: 4
If you had 30mg of a substance and you wanted to increase the mass by
23% what would the final mass with the increase be?
5. If you start with a mass of 30mg and this time you want to decrease your
mass by 23% what is the mass reduced to?
6. Image = Actual size x magnification - Rearrange the equation to show how
you can work out magnification.
7. If you were trying to work out the surface area to volume ratio of a cell
(sphere shape). What formula can you use to work out the surface area and
volume of the cell?