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February 26, 2013
Ancient Greece Review
Reviewing Vocabulary, Terms, and People:
1.) A ruler named Cyrus the Great created the Persian Empire.
2.) A phalanx was a group of soldiers that stood in a square to fight.
3.) Alexander the Great built the largest empire the world had ever seen.
4.) The Peloponnesian Wars pied two city‐states against each other.
5.) The philosopher Socrates taught people by asking them quesons.
6.) The greatest medical scholar of ancient Greece was Hippocrates.
7.) Aristotle taught the importance of reason in his wrings.
8.) Euclid was a great mathemacian.
Comprehension and Crical Thinking:
Secon 1
9. a) Idenfy; Who were Cyrus the Great, Darius I, and Xerxes I?
Persian Kings
9.b) Analyze; How did the Greeks use strategy to defeat a larger fighng force?
The Greeks led the larger Persian navy into narrow straits of Salamis, in which the Persian navy could not fit. As a result, the smaller Athenian boats easily sank many Persian ships.
9.c) Elaborate; What were some factors that led to the success of the Persian Empire?
A strong army, efficient polical organizaon under Darius I, good roads.
Secon 2
10.a) Describe; What was life like for Spartan women? For Athenian women?
Sparta – Women had rights and responsibilies. They ran households when men were gone, received physical training and competed in sporng events. Athens – Women received no educaon, could not serve in the government, own property, or even leave their homes.
10.b) Compare and Contrast; How was the educaon of Spartan boys different from the educaon of Athenian boys? What did the educaon of both groups have in common?
Sparta – Trained from an early age to be soliders and then stayed in the army unl they were 60 years old.
Athens – Only served in the army from ages 18‐20, learned to read, write, and play instruments.
In common – Had athlec and military training.
10.c) Do you agree or disagree with this statement: “The Athenians brought the Peloponnesian War on themselves.” Defend your argument.
Answers will vary, but will need to provide evidence to back up opinion.
Secon 3
11.a) Describe; How did Phillip II improve the phalanx?
Gave the soliders longer spears and sent cavalry and archers into bale to support the phalanx.
11.b) Compare; How did the cultures that Alexander conquered change aer his death?
They kept some of their own customs and combined others with Greek ideas to create a new culture – Hellenisc.
11.c) Evaluate; How might history have been different if Alexander had not died so young?
Answers will vary, but will need to back up opinion. Possible answer: Greek rule might have spread throughout India and the rest of Asia, heavily influencing the people there.
Secon 4
12.a) Indenfy; What is the Parthenon? For which goddess was it built?
A temple on the acropolis of Athens; Athena
12.b) Compare; What did Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle have in common?
All were teachers and philosophers.
12.c) Evaluate; Why do you think Greek accomplishments in the arts and sciences are sll admired today?
Answers will vary, but will need to back up opinion. Possible answer: Because they sll relate to the daily lives of many people.
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