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Fixed appliances Development of orthodontics in china • • • • Removable Begg Edgewise Straightwire (pre-adjusted) Bracket • Metal • Ceramic • Plastic Disadvantages of ceramic brackets • • • • The bond is too strong Brittle Too hard High friction Band • (1) Buccal and often lingual attachments are soldered or welded. • (2) Piror to placement of a band it may be necessary to separate the adjacent tooth contacts. • (3) There are different sizes of bands for different sizes of molar. • (4) Glass ionomer cement is used for band cementation. Archwires • Stainless steel wire • NiTi wire • Mutistrand wire • Round wire: 0.014”,16”,18” • Rectangular wire:0.016”x0.022”,et al. Sequence • From thin to thick • From NiTi to stainless steel • From round to rectangular • First-order bends: horizontal plane • Second-order bends: vertical plane • Third-order bends: torque Orthodontic adhesives • Band cement: glass ionomer, zinc phosphate • Bonding adhesive: chemical-cured, light-cured Chemical-cured adhesive • One-paste • Two-paste A set of bonding adhesive • • • • • Paste A Paste B Sealant A Sealant B Etching solution Bonding procedure • • • • • Clean the teeth Etch the teeth paint the sealant mixture paint the paste mixture place the brackets Auxiliaries • • • • Ligatures:steel or elastic Elastic bands:1/8”, 3/16”, 1/4”, 5/16” Elastic chains:close, open, wide The others:expansion screw, headgear, etc. Typical treatment procedure • Aligning and leveling • Space closure and correction of occlusal relationship • Finishing • Retention