Download 1. Arrows A, B, and C in the diagram below represent the processes

1. Arrows A, B, and C in the diagram below represent the processes necessary to make the energy stored in
food available for muscle activity.
The correct sequence of processes represented by A, B, and C is
A)
B)
C)
D)
diffusion ® synthesis ® active transport
digestion ® diffusion ® cellular respiration
digestion ® excretion ® cellular respiration
synthesis ® active transport ® excretion
2. Which two activities in the chart below best describe the
process of transport?
7. The disease known as malaria may result in a fever, a
decrease in red blood cells, and an enlarged liver and
spleen. These symptoms are evidence of
A)
B)
C)
D)
A) A and C
C) C and D
B) B and C
D) A and D
3. The energy an organism requires to transport materials
and eliminate wastes is obtained directly from
A) DNA
C) hormones
B) starch
D) ATP
4. By which process is the potential energy of organic
molecules transferred to a form of energy that is usable
by the cells?
A) digestion
C) photosynthesis
a disruption of homeostasis
a decrease in allergic reactions
an increased number of cell organelles
hormone destruction
8. The life function responsible for the coordination and
control of all life activities in an organism is known as
A) regulation
C) excretion
B) reproduction
D) nutrition
9. Which life activity is not required for the survival of an
individual organism
A) nutrition
C) reproduction
B) respiration
D) synthesis
10. The diagram below represents levels of organization in
living things.
B) hydrolysis
D) respiration
5. Which row in the chart below contains correct
information concerning synthesis?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
6. The process that removes metabolic waste products from
an organism is known as
A) egestion
C) excretion
B) secretion
D) oxidation
Which term would best represent X?
A) human
C) stomach
B) tissue
D) chloroplast
11. Which row in the chart below contains a cell structure paired with its primary function?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
12. Which structure is best observed using a compound
light microscope?
A)
B)
C)
D)
a cell
a virus
a DNA sequence
the inner surface of a mitochondrion
D) 4
16. Base your answer to the following question on
the diagram below, which represents stages in the
digestion of a starch, and on your knowledge of
biology.
13. Which statement describes starches, fats, proteins, and
DNA?
A) They are used to store genetic information.
B) They are complex molecules made from smaller
molecules.
C) They are used to assemble larger inorganic
materials.
D) They are simple molecules used as energy sources.
14. All cells of an organism are engaged in many different
chemical reactions. This fact is best supported by the
presence in each cell of thousands of different kinds of
A) enzymes
C) chloroplasts
B) nuclei
D) organelles
15. What substance could be represented by the letter X in
the diagram below?
The structure labeled X most likely represents
A) an antibody
C) an enzyme
B) a receptor molecule
D) a hormone
17. In living organisms, lipids function mainly as
A) sources of stored energy and transmitters of
genetic information
B) sources of stored energy and components of
cellular membranes
C) transmitters of genetic information and catalysts of
chemical reactions
D) catalysts of chemical reactions and components of
cellular membranes
18. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic
nutrition?
A) carbohydrates
C) carbon dioxide
B) ozone
D) water
A)
B)
C)
D)
a cow eating grass in a field
a mushroom digesting a dead log
an apple tree making its own food
a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog
19. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents a chemical reaction
that occurs in the human body, and on your knowledge of biology.
Which statement describes a characteristic of molecule Z?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Molecule Z will function at any temperature above 20°C.
Molecule Z is composed of a string of molecular bases represented by A, T, G, and
Molecule Z will function best at a specific pH.
Molecule Z is not specific, so this reaction can be controlled by any other chemical in the body.
Base your answers to questions 20 and 21 on the graph below and your knowledge of biology.
20. Neither enzyme works at a pH of
A) 1
B) 5
D) 13
C) 3
21. Pepsin works best in which type of environment?
A) acidic, only
C) neutral
B) basic, only
D) sometimes acidic, sometimes basic
22. All life depends on the availability of usable energy.
This energy is released when
A) organisms convert solar energy into the chemical
energy found in food molecules
B) respiration occurs in the cells of producers and
high-energy molecules enter the atmosphere
C) cells carry out the process of respiration
D) animal cells synthesize starch and carbon dioxide
23. Lactic acid may be formed as a result of the process of
A)
B)
C)
D)
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
photosynthesis
photolysis
24. The diagram below represents the synthesis of a portion of a complex molecule in an organism.
Which row in the chart could be used to identify the building blocks and product in the diagram?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
25. The diagram below provides some information
concerning proteins.
D) 4
28. The diagram below represents a plant cell.
Which phrase is represented by A?
A)
B)
C)
D)
sequence of amino acids
sequence of simple sugars
sequence of starch molecules
sequence of ATP molecules
26. Base your answer to the following question on the
information below and on your knowledge of biology.
A solution of an enzyme normally found in the human
body was added to a flask containing a solution of
proteins in distilled water, and then the flask was
stoppered. This mixture was then maintained at a
temperature of 27ºC and a pH of 7 for 48 hours. When
the mixture was analyzed, the presence of amino acids
was noted.
The enzymatic solution most likely contained
A) carbohydrates
C) lipases
For the process of photosynthesis, the arrow labeled A
would most likely represent the direction of movement
of
A)
B)
C)
D)
carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy
oxygen, sugar, and solar energy
carbon dioxide, oxygen, and heat energy
sugar, water, and heat energy
29. The diagram below represents a beaker containing a
solution of various molecules involved in digestion.
B) maltases
D) proteases
27. Which substances are found on cell surfaces and
respond to nerve and hormone signals?
A)
B)
C)
D)
starches and simple sugars
subunits of DNA
vitamins and minerals
receptor molecules
Which structures represent products of digestion?
A) A and D
C) B and E
B) B and C
D) D and E
30. The diagram below illustrates the movement of
materials involved in a process that is vital for the
energy needs of organisms.
33. A biologist observed a plant cell in a drop of water as
shown in diagram A. The biologist added a 10% salt
solution to the slide and observed the cell as shown in
diagram B.
The change in appearance of the cell resulted from
The process illustrated occurs within
A) chloroplasts
C) ribosomes
B) mitochondria
D) vacuoles
31. The diagram below represents the fluid-mosaic model
of a cell membrane.
A) more salt moving out of the cell than into the cell
B) more salt moving into the cell than out of the cell
C) more water moving into the cell than out of the
cell
D) more water moving out of the cell than into the cell
34. The diagram below represents a structure involved in
cellular respiration.
The release of which substance is represented by the
arrows?
The arrow points to a component of the membrane that
is best described as a
A)
B)
C)
D)
sugar floating in lipids
A) glucose
C) carbon dioxide
B) oxygen
D) DNA
35. A laboratory technique is illustrated in the diagram
below.
protein floating in lipids
lipid floating in proteins
lipid floating in sugars
32. Which set of functions is directly controlled by the cell
membrane?
A) protein synthesis, respiration, digestion of food
molecules
B) active transport, recognition of chemical messages,
protection
C) enzyme production, elimination of large
molecules, duplication of DNA codes
D) release of ATP molecules, regulation of cell
reproduction, food production
The technique of lowering the coverslip at an angle is
used to
A)
B)
C)
D)
make organelles more visible
reduce the formation of air bubbles
make the specimen transparent
reduce the size of the specimen
36. The diagram below shows two different kinds of substances, A and B, entering a cell.
ATP is most likely being used for
A) substance A to enter the cell
C) both substances to enter the cell
B) substance B to enter the cell
D) neither substance to enter the cell
37. A laboratory setup using an artificial cell made from dialysis tubing is shown in the diagram below.
Identify the process that would most likely be responsible for the movement of glucose from inside the
artificial cell to the solution outside of the cell.
38. A wet-mount slide preparation of a specimen is stained
in order to
A)
B)
C)
D)
40. Part of a laboratory procedure is shown in the diagram
below.
eliminate some organelles
make cell structures more visible
use the high-power lens
remove water from the slid
39. Tomato plants in a garden are not growing well. The
gardener hypothesizes that the soil is too acidic. To test
this hypothesis accurately, the gardener could
A) plant seeds of a different kind of plant
B) move the tomato plants to an area with less
sunlight
C) change the pH of the soil
D) reduce the amount of water available to the plant
This setup would most likely be involved in a procedure
to
A)
B)
C)
D)
stain specimens while making a wet mount
test for the presence of glucose using an indicator
separate pigments in a mixture
determine the pH of solution
41. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below of a microscope and on your knowledge
of biology.
42. A student used several different indicators to conduct
tests on a sample of partially digested food. The results
obtained are shown in the table below.
Based on these test results, the food sample most likely
contained partially digested
A) carbohydrates
C) amino acids
B) lipids
D) proteins
43. Which substance is a suitable indicator for detecting the
presence of starch in a plant cell?
The highest possible magnification that can be obtained
when using this microscope is
A) 40×
C) 400×
B) 100×
D) 4,000×
A) Fehling's solution
C) bromthymol blue
B) pH paper
D) iodine solution
44. A brown-colored indicator was placed on the cut
surfaces of several bean seeds after the seeds had been
soaked in water. A blue-black color was observed on
each of the surfaces. The indicator was most likely used
to test for the presence of
A) acid
C) a simple sugar
B) starch
D) carbon dioxide
Answer Key
final review
1.
B
37.
diffusion or passive
transport.
2.
C
3.
D
38.
B
4.
D
39.
C
5.
C
40.
B
6.
C
41.
C
7.
A
42.
A
8.
A
43.
D
9.
C
44.
B
10.
B
11.
A
12.
A
13.
B
14.
A
15.
A
16.
C
17.
B
18.
C
19.
C
20.
D
21.
A
22.
C
23.
B
24.
B
25.
A
26.
D
27.
D
28.
A
29.
D
30.
A
31.
B
32.
B
33.
D
34.
C
35.
B
36.
A