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Transcript
____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Reading Guide: Chapter 7-1 – Inside the Earth (Pages 190-197) 1.The Earth is composed of several _______________________. THE COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH _____ 2. A substance composed of two or more elements is a(n) a. mix. c. compound. b. amalgam. d. complex. 3. List the three basic layers of the Earth. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 4. What three elements make up most of the Earth’s crust? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 5. Oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust because it contains more of which three elements? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 6. The mantle is composed of more of the element ______________________ than the crust is. 7. Why do scientists look to the ocean floor to research the mantle? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 8. The mantle has less aluminum and less ______________________ than the crust does. 9. What element makes up most of the Earth’s core? _________________________________________________________________ 10. How much of the Earth’s mass is made up by the core? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. _____ 11. the outermost, rigid layer of the Earth _____ 12. a layer of slowly flowing rock in the mantle _____ 13. the liquid layer of the core a. b. c. d. e. asthenosphere lithosphere mesosphere outer core inner core _____ 14. the solid layer of the core _____ 15. the strong, lower part of the mantle TECTONIC PLATES 16. Large pieces of the lithosphere that move around on the asthenosphere are called ________________________________________ 17. Why are tectonic plates like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 18. What are the two kinds of crust that a tectonic plate may contain? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 19. List three ways in which tectonic plates floating on the asthenosphere are similar to ice cubes filling a punch bowl. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ MAPPING THE EARTH’S INTERIOR 20. Scientists use _______________________________to study Earth’s interior. 21. Seismic waves are _______________________________________________. 22. Why would a seismic wave traveling through a liquid move more slowly than a seismic wave traveling through a solid? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________