Download Meta = change Morph = shape Metamorphic Rock are rocks in

Meta = change
Morph = shape
Metamorphic Rock are rocks in which the
structure, texture, or composition of the rock
have changed.
The change is caused by heat, pressure, or a
combination of both.
Deformation = a change in the shape of a rock
caused by a force placed on it. The rock is
squeezed and stretched causing it to fold and
bend.
Two ways rock can undergo metamorphism:
Contact Metamorphism
Regional Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism
Heated by nearby magma
More intense the closer the rock is to
the magma
Near igneous intrusions
Some minerals can change into other
minerals because of the heat
Regional Metamorphism
Caused by pressure built up deep in the
ground
Caused when large pieces of the Earth’s
crust collide with each other
Causes rock to become deformed and
chemically changed
These types of metamorphic rocks are
found far below most continental rock
formations
Composition of Metamorphic Rock
Mineral composition of rocks can
change as the rocks undergo
metamorphism
The heat and pressure cause
minerals to change into other minerals
INDEX MINERALS = Minerals that
are used by geologists to estimate the
temperature, depth within the Earth, and
pressure at which a rock undergoes
metamorphism
Textures of Metamorphic Rock
Two types: Foliated and Nonfoliated
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
Foliated = the texture of metamorphic
rock in which the mineral grains are
arranged in planes or bands
The effects of metamorphism depend on
the amount of heat and pressure applied
More heat and pressure = cause
minerals to separate into distinct bands
Sedimentary Shale
Slate
Phyllite
Schist
Gneiss
Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock
Nonfoliated = The texture of
metamorphic rock in which the minerals are
not arranged in planes or bands
Usually made up on one or only a few
minerals
Recrystalization = when minerals
change in composition or crystals change
in size due to the intense heat and
pressure
Quartz sandstone . . . Quartzite
Limestone . . . . . . . . . . . Marble
Review:
Meta = change
Morph = shape
Metamorphic Rock = rocks in which the
structure, texture, or composition of the rock
have changed.
The change is caused by heat, pressure, or a
combination of both.
Deformation = a change of shape, the rock is
squeezed . . . stretched . . . folded . . . bent
Two ways rock can undergo metamorphism:
Contact Metamorphism (heat)
Regional Metamorphism (pressure)
Composition of Metamorphic Rock
Mineral composition of rocks can
change
Causes = heat and pressure
INDEX MINERALS = Minerals used
to estimate the temperature, depth, and
pressure
Textures of Metamorphic Rock
Foliated = mineral grains are arranged
in planes or bands
o More heat and pressure = cause
minerals to separate into distinct bands
Nonfoliated = minerals are not arranged
in planes or bands
o One or only a few minerals
o Recrystalization = minerals change in
composition or crystals change in size