Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Study Guide: Unit 6 Genetics: Mendelian Genetics and Exceptions to his Laws Objectives: These are the major concepts you will be tested on at the conclusion of this unit. 1. Determine, given clues, the inheritance patterns of traits inherited via autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance. 2. Briefly describe (know the mode of inheritance and basic symptoms) the following inherited disorders : sickle cell, Huntington disease, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs, albinism, Marfan syndrome, phenylketonuria (PKU), familial hypercholesterolemia, porphyria variegata 3. Discuss the use of test crosses in determining whether an individual expressing the dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous. 4. Use a Punnett Square to calculate the probability that a particular couple will have a child who will inherit a particular condition. 5. Construct a Punnett square to predict the outcome of monohybrid and single factor crosses involving autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive traits. 6. Use a Punnett Square to predict the outcomes of a 2-factor or dihybrid cross. 7. Recognize the genotype of an organism as homozygous or heterozygous; recessive or dominant. 8. Relate meiosis to Mendel’s two laws. 9. Interpret a pedigree and predict inheritance patterns in a family. (Know and be able to use all of the pedigree components on p82 of your text.) 10. Be able to draw and interpret pedigrees involving autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive traits. 11. Be able to determine the mode of inheritance from a pedigree. 12. Recognize how various phenomena can disrupt Mendelian phenotypic ratios. 13. Explain how lethal genes can affect the actual (as opposed to predicted) outcomes of a cross. 14. Explain how multiple alleles can affect the translation of the genotype to the phenotype. 15. Compare incomplete dominance and codominance. 16. Know the genotypes, surface antigens and their relationship to ABO blood types. (table 5.4, p93) 17. Explain how epistasis can affect phenotypes. Given information about epistatic gene action, predict genotypes and phenotypes of individuals in a 2 factor cross. 18. Explain what may happen when different genes that encode different enzymes that participate in the same biochemical pathway cause the same disorder. 19. Identify which parent contributes more DNA to a human baby and explain why this happens. 20. Compare nuclear DNA inheritance with mitochondrial DNA inheritance. 21. How does gene linkage effect dihybrid crosses; how does this confuse the law of independent assortment? 22. Describe how linkage maps are prepared in animals with large numbers of progeny and in humans. 23. Describe how scientists and technicians use a laboratory notebook. 24. Explain how work is done in a laboratory in a way that minimizes safety issues. 25. Be prepared to explain any laboratories in this unit and demonstrate the use of any techniques used in the laboratory setting. Vocabulary: (27 words) The quiz will be in a matching format. Approximately (20) of the words below will be on the quiz. Research has shown that students are more likely to learn the meaning of unfamiliar words if they memorize the definition in advance of encountering the word in a text. By the end of the unit you must understand the meaning of each word in the context of this unit. monohybrid cross law of segregation homozygous heterozygous allele genotype phenotype wild type Punnett Square pedigree codominant epistasis penetrance pleiotropy genetic heterogeneity heteroplasmy linkage recombinant OVER → dominant recessive consanguinity dihybrid cross cytogenetics linkage disequilibrium haplotype linkage maps autosome Resources: Text: Lewis, R. Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications, 10th ed. (2012). McGraw-Hill: New York, NY. ch 4 & 5 Text Website: www.mhhe.com/lewisgenetics10 Important Dates: Definitions Due: January 9 Vocabulary Quiz: January 14 Open Note Section Quizzes: 4.1: January 10 4.2 - 4.3: January 15 4.4 - 4.5: January 17 5.1 - 5.2: January 22 5.3 - 5.4: January 24 Test: January 30