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Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Viruses and Bacteria
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Chapter Test
Viruses and Bacteria
_____ 1. A substance that stimulates the body to produce chemicals that destroy
viruses or bacteria is called a(n)
a. endospore.
b. vaccine.
c. cytoplasm.
d. antibiotic.
_____ 2. Organisms that live in or on a host organism and cause harm to the
host are called
a. parasites.
c. viruses.
_____ 3. Conjugation is a form of
b. bacteriophages.
d. flagellum.
a. respiration.
b. producing energy.
c. sexual reproduction.
d. asexual reproduction.
_____ 4. The chemical factories in cells that produce proteins are called
a. cytoplasm.
b. cell walls.
c. nuclei.
d. ribosomes.
_____ 5. To survive in unfavorable conditions, some bacteria form
a. toxins.
b. antibiotics.
c. cytoplasm.
d. endospores.
_____ 6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an active virus?
a. multiplies quickly.
c. uses energy to grow.
b. has an outer coat made
of proteins.
d. destroys its host cell.
_____ 7. The area inside the cell membrane of a bacterium is called the
a. cytoplasm.
b. flagellum.
c. protein coat.
d. nucleus.
_____ 8. The best treatment for an unknown viral disease is
a. an antibiotic.
b. exercise.
c. bed rest.
d. a vaccine.
_____ 9. A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming the human body
is called a(n)
a. virus.
c. antibiotic.
_____ 10. In order to multiply, a virus must
a. conjugate with another virus.
c. manufacture extra food.
b. vaccine.
d. ribosome.
b. invade a host cell.
d. remain hidden.
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Viruses and Bacteria
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Viruses and Bacteria
■
Chapter Test
Completion
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
11. Bacteria that break down large chemicals in dead organisms into small chemicals
are called ________________________.
12. The process of breaking down food to release its energy is called
________________________.
13. A(n) ________________________ is a whiplike structure that helps a bacterial cell
move.
14. A virus that attacks and destroys bacteria is called a(n) ________________________.
15. The bacterium Clostridium tetani produces a poison called a(n)
________________________, which can cause tetanus.
True or False
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If it is true, write true. If it is
false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
______________
______________
______________
______________
16.
17.
18.
19.
Bacteria reproduce by binary fission.
Hidden viruses immediately take over a host cell’s functions.
Some infectious diseases by can be prevented with vaccines.
Bacteria are prokaryotes. Their cells have nuclei that contain the
cell’s genetic materials.
______________ 20. Asexual reproduction is the process by which two parents
combine their genetic material to produce a new organism that
differs from both parents.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Viruses and Bacteria
■
Chapter Test
Characteristics
Viruses
Bacteria
Surrounded by a cell wall
Contains genetic material
Requires a host organism
Microscopic
Causes infectious diseases
Add your Own:
Add your Own:
22. Interpreting Data Use the information in the table above to explain how
viruses and bacteria are similar, and how they are different. Write your
answer below.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Essay
On a separate sheet of paper, write a brief paragraph to answer each of the following questions.
23. Give three real-life examples of ways bacteria can be helpful to humans.
24. Name the four ways infectious diseases are spread and give an example of each.
25. Describe the structure of viruses and explain how active viruses reproduce.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.
Viruses and Bacteria
Using Science Skills
21. Classifying Use what you know about viruses and bacteria to complete
the following table. Mark an X in the box if the characteristic applies. A
characteristic may apply to both. When you have finished, add one
characteristic that applies to viruses and one that applies to bacteria.
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Viruses and Bacteria
■
Chapter Test
Using Science Skills
Study the graph below and answer questions 26 and 27 in the space provided.
Bacteria Growth at Three Temperatures
10,000
15°C
9,000
Number of Bacteria
per mL of Culture
8,000
7,000
10°C
6,000
5,000
4,000
5°C
3,000
2,000
1,000
24
48
Time (hours)
72
96
26. Interpreting Graph What was the increase in number of bacteria per mL
of culture after four days at each temperature?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
27. Writing Hypotheses Write a hypothesis regarding rate of bacteria
growth and temperature that explains the graphed results.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Essay
On a separate sheet of paper, answer each of the following questions with
a brief paragraph.
28. You are looking at a cell under a microscope. How can you tell if you are
looking at a bacterium or the cell of a different type of organism?
29. The symptoms of a viral flu are high fever, sore throat, and headache.
What treatments would you recommend? Explain your answer.
30. One bacterium is placed on a dish with nutrients. Six days later, a colony
of bacteria all genetically identical to the original bacterium are on the
same dish. By what method did the bacteria reproduce? How do you
know?
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