Download Hautdurchschnitt Section of Skin Coupe a travers la peau Seccion

KS 1, KS 2, KS 3
Qegr. 1876
Hautdurchschnitt
Section of Skin
Coupe a travers la peau
Seccion de la piel
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SECTION OF SKIN
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CIRCDESK
MODEL
QM
484
.S438
2005
KEY
Section of Skin
KS 1: Relief model showing two hair follicles and a sweat-gland. The individual layers of skin can be removed one at a time.
Detachable in 4 parts, on a base.
KS 2: Relief model with two hair follicles
and two sweat-glands. On a base plate.
KS 3: Block model of section of skin. Representation in three sections: A. The hairy
skin, B. The skin of the arm-pit, C. The
hairless skin of the sole of the foot.
About 70 times enlarged according to
natural microscopic sections. Made of
SOMSO-Plast.
The external skin intermingled by a great
many blood vessels covering the whole
body as a continuous layer. At the openings like mouth, nose, etc. it changes into
the internal mucous membranes. It is not
only the body's covering but is also an
organ for sense, feeling and touch owing to
its abundance of fine nerve fibres.
The skin is classified into three main
layers:
I. Epidermis
II. Corium
III. Subcutis
The epidermis is different in thickness.
You will learn from this model that it is
considerably thinner on the scalp, and the
armpit in comparison with the sole of the
foot. It consists of the external horny layer
= Stratum corneum - 1 - and the clear lay er
= Stratum luddum - la -, and of the internal hornless germinative zone = Stratum
germinativum - 2 -. This one is composed
of the granular layer = Stratum granulosum
- 2a -, prickle-cell layer = Stratum spinosum - 2tj - and the cylindrical layer=Stratum basak [cylindricum] - 2c -. The pigmental granules are imbedded in the latter and
give the real colour of the skin (colour of
man's race).
The corium shows a lot of connectivetissue bundles each one being bound to
the next and thereby forming a network of
connective tissues. These ones join the subcutis without determining a limit. The surface of the corium is crowded with small
conic processes = Papillae - 3 - being to a
certain extent microscopic. These papillas
are met with nerve endings, toucbcorpuscks - 4 -.
The subcutis consists of a wide meshed net
of connective tissue in the meshes of which
lie deposits of fat = Panniculus adiposus
- 5 -. On the right at the bottom of the
model you will find lamellated corpuscles
- 6 - which are oval nodules in the size of
semolina-corn at the ends of the finest
nerve fibres. They exist mainly in the skin
of toe and finger. Moreover four sweat
glands = Glandulae sudoriferae - 7 - are
shown to be found mostly in the sole of the
foot and inner palm of the hand. The
bundle of glands is accompanied by
smooth muscular fibres which are able to
press out the secreta from the glands (for
example cold sweat etc.) on contracting.
On cutting through the epidermis you will
find the canal spirally wound.
A. The Hairy Skin
(appliestoKSl,KS2,KS3)
The models show hairs = Pili, and that in
longitudinal section - 8 - and in diagonal
section - 9 - (only for KS 1 and KS 3). Each
hair together with its roots is in a tube
shaped indentation of the skin named
fibrous hair follicle = Folliculus pili (8g).
Each hair is composed of the shaft = Seapus pili- 10 - standing out of the skin and
the root =Radixpili- 11 - sinking into the
skin. The lower swelling is designated as the
hair-bulb = Bulbus pili - lla -. The hair
papilla = Papilla pili - 12 - lies in a groove
similar to the base of a wine bottle.
The single layers of the hair (8 and 9) from
the inside to the outside are as follows:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Medullary substance = Substantia
medullaris, Real hair
Cortical substance = Substantia
corticalis, Real hair
Cuticle of the hair = Cuticulapili
Inner root-sheath
Outer root-sheath
Qegr. 1876
2. Internal hornless germinative
zone, Stratum germinativum
2a) Granular layer, Stratum granubsum
b) Prickle-cell layer, Stratum spinosum
c) Cylindrical layer, Stratum basale
[cylindricum]
The sebaceous glands = Glandulae sebaceae - 13 - are situated in the skin together 3. Papillae, Papillae
with the hairs. The arrector pilorum 4. Touch-corpuscles, Corpuscula tactus
muscles =Mm. amctores pibrum - 14 - are 5. Adipose tissue, Panniculus adiposus
settling down of the sebaceous glands at 6. Lamellated corpuscles, Corpuscula
lamellosa
the hair follicle (8g). By contracting the hair
moves into a more vertical position and 7. Sweat glands, Glandulae sudoriferae
lifts out a little. This causes a feeling of 8. Hairs (in longitudinal- section), Pili
"gooseflesh". The blue and red indicated
a) Medullary substance, Substantia
sections represent larger and smaller bloodmedullaris, Real hair
vessels: the upward trailing small vascular
b) Cortical substance, Substantia
branches are small arteries (red) and veins
corticalis, Real hair
(blue). The nerves are represented in black.
c) Cuticle of the hair, Cuticulaptti
d) Inner root-sheath
e) Outer root-sheath
I. Epidermis, Epidermis
\, Cutis
Corium [Dermis]
f) Hyaloid} membrane
II.
g) Fibrous layer (fibrous hair follicle,
III. Subcutis, Tela subcutanea
being composed of longitudinal and
transversal fibres)
9. Hair in cross respectively diagonal
1. External horny layer, Stratum
section, Pilus (only valid for KS 1
corneum
and KS 3)
la) Clear layer, Stratum lucidum
(applies to KS 3 only)
10. Shaft, Scapuspili
f)
g)
Hyaloid membrane
Fibrous layer (fibrous hair follicle,
being composed of longitudinal and
transversal fibres).
11.
1 la)
12.
13.
Root, Radix pili
Hair bulb, Bulbuspili
Hair papilla, Papilla pili
Sebaceous glands, Glandulae
sebaceae
14. Arrector pilorum muscles, Mm.
amctores pilorum
15. Sweat gland of the arm-pit
(exhalation gland), Gl, glomiformis
a) smooth muscle cells
b) hyaline top
c) Part of the pushed out cell body
C. The hairless skin
of the sole of the foot
Qegr. 1876
(applies to KS 3 only)
(as mentioned below A.: the hairy skin)
B. The Skin of the AnnPit (applies to KS 3 only)
The arm-pit's skin shows a sweat-gland
- 15-a-b-c - (exhalation gland). These sweat
glands do not secrete normal sweat but specific secreted materials being marked by
smell, colour, and other characteristics.
Those secretions determine the characteristic smell of the individual human being.
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