Download Chapter 10 – Controlling Disease Notes Lesson 1 Disease

Chapter 10 – Controlling Disease Notes
Lesson 1
Disease
-
Any harmful change in the health of your body or mind
Pathogen
-
Anything that causes a disease, esp. a virus or
microorganism (a very tiny living thing like bacteria,
fungi)
Infectious Disease
-
Any disease that is caused by pathogens that invade
the body (caused by bacteria, virus).
Examples of Infectious Disease
-
Common cold, flu, chicken pox, strep throat
Communicable Disease
-
Can be passed directly from one person to another, like
the flu
Noninfectious Disease
-
A disease that is not caused by a pathogen. Usually
include specific body systems and nutritional disorders
Examples of Noninfectious Disease
-
Heart Disease, Diabetes, allergies
Chronic Disease
-
A disease that lasts a long time
Defenses Against Disease
-
Skin, mucous membranes, sweat, saliva, tears, stomach
acid, microorganisms
Immune System
-
Is made up of tissues, organs and cells that fight
pathogens
Lesson 2
Virus
-
A tiny, disease-causing particle that invades a healthy
cell and instructs that cell to make more viruses
NOT A LIVING THING
So small only seen with microscope
Can be spread from direct or indirect contact with a
person
Vaccine
-
Medicine that contains killed or weakened pathogens
and is given to protect you against a particular disease
Anitbody
-
Chemical that your body produces to fight invading
pathogens
Bacteria
-
Living things that are more complex than viruses. Very
small, single-cell organisms with no nucleus
-
Can live on their own and live anywhere
-
Spread same way viruses
Ways to prevent Bacteria from Spreading
-
Washing your hands, keeping kitchen clean, not
sharing glasses or eating utensils, getting treatment for
an illness
Antibiotic
-
Medicine used to stop the growth of or to kill bacteria
Protozoa
-
Small, single-celled organisms that have a nucleus;
more complex
-
Most harmless to humans; but can affect our water;
example: malaria (carried by mosquitoes)
Parasite
-
Organism that gets its food from another organism
without killing it
Fungi
-
Complex organisms that cannot make their own food
-
Most common: athlete’s foot, toenail fungus
-
Treated with antifungal creams and powders
Lesson 3
Ways to Protect Yourself and Others
from Infectious Diseases
-
Stay away from people who are sick, wash your hands,
healthy diet, plenty of rest and exercise, get vaccines
(most provided from 0-6 years), cover your mouth
when coughing or sneezing
Noninfectious Disease
-
Disease or disorder that is not caused by a virus or
living organism
Genetic Disease
-
A disease or disorder that is caused entirely or partly
by genetic info passes on to a child from one or both
parents.
-
Example: down’s syndrome
-
Disease or disorder that is present at birth but is not a
genetic disease
-
Example: Congenital Heart Disease
Common Noninfectious Diseases
-
Heart Disease, diabetes, cancer, allergies, asthma,
Alzheimer’s
Living with Noninfectious Diseases
-
May have to eat a special diet, take medicine, avoid
certain activities, have special medical care; most can
lead normal lives
Lesson 5
Congenital Disease