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Laser risk for Minuit Une products
Manufacturer: Arteffect SAS
Brand: Minuit Une
Products: M-Laser Pyramide and M-Laser Carré
Measurements
Weight: 16kg Pyramide – 13kg Carré
Size: 594x552x884mm Pyramide - 594x552x208mm Carré
Power supply
110 to 240 Volts – 50/60Hz
Power: 150 Watt
Laser
Class 3B / Class 2 if no human access in 3 meters zone
Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance (NOHD): 3 meters.
Maximum power output risk: 50 mw
Output power & risk after exit mirrors
Distance A v e r a g e Level of
Description
(m)
Power
risk
0
50,33 mw
Class 3B
0,2
18,01 mw
Class 3B
1
4,68 mw
Class 3R
2
1,78 mw
Class 3R
3
0,98 mw <
Class 2
MPE
4
0,59 mw <
Class 2
MPE
10
0,2 m w < MPE Class 2
20
0,1 m w < MPE Class 2
Dangerous for the human eye and in some particular
cases for the skin
Dangerous for the human eye
Not considered intrinsically safe, the risk is limited
because of the inherent reduction factor (safety
margin) in the MPE, and because of natural aversion
behaviour
Safe for the eyes because of aversion responses and
blink reflex.
Below the MPE (MPE = 1mW )
« IEC 60825-1 maximum permissible exposure MPE:
Level of laser radiation to which, under normal circumstances, persons may be exposed without
suffering adverse effects »
« IEC 60825-3 Safety for laser show - Spectator MPE:
The level of laser radiation that may be present in a spectator zone should not exceed the MPE for
direct ocular exposure »
After 3 meters, the audience can be legally scanned by the laser, with an exposure lower than
the MPE (maximum permissible exposure). The risk increases when someone gets closer than
3 meters. The risk starts to be high if someone is at 0 meter, but someone from the audience
being at 0 meter during the show with an operator able to stop the emission of light at any time
is very unlikely. All the working people have to be aware of the risk of getting too close to the
product.
Laser safety operator
•
•
IEC 60825-1 « laser safety officer:
One who is knowledgeable in the evaluation and control of laser hazards and has responsibility
for oversight of the control of laser hazards »
IEC 60825-3 « operator:
Person who has direct operational control of the laser or projection system(s) »
NOTE Operators should be trained on the hazards involved with the lasers being used and are
expected to comply with the safety instructions that are provided. An operator may also be
designated as the laser safety officer »
•
IEC 60825-14
« The role of Laser Safety Officer rarely needs to be a full-time appointment.
Where a Competent Person (see 3.2) has been appointed and that person is an employee of the
organisation concerned (often desirable in organisations having extensive and varied laser use),
then the Competent Person may also be the Laser Safety Officer.
The Competent Person should have sufficient skill in, and knowledge and experience of,
matters relevant to laser safety, and should provide appropriate assistance to the employer (or to
the employer's delegated representative or laser user) in hazard determination, risk assessment,
and protective control and procedure provision. »
Emergency stop
« IEC 60825-1 Remote interlock connector
Each Class 3B and Class 4 laser system shall have a remote interlock connector. When the terminals
of the connector are open-circuited, the accessible radiation shall not exceed the AEL for Class 1M or
Class 2M as applicable. This is not required for handheld, battery powered Class 3B laser systems. »
Most of the laser systems have an automatic mode, so usual laser systems can be played without
signal and an external remote interlock connector is necessary (emergency stop).
M-Carré and M-Pyramid cannot play without a connected DMX remote and some specific parameters
at some value. The DMX consol is in this case the remote interlock connector: in case of emergency,
disconnect the DMX connector or shut the signal from the DMX console off (Master at 0 , Black out,
Off button).
Creation of effect
Whatever the effect you are playing, the safety performance and the safety distance are still the same.
All the effects are based on optical illusion, by playing with the frequency of the signal sent to the laser
source, in association with the frequency of the scanning (which is always at 333Hz).
Maintenance & cleaning
« IEC 60825-14 embedded laser product
A laser product which, because of engineering features limiting the accessible emissions, has been
assigned a class number lower than the inherent capability of the laser incorporated »
M-Carré & M-Pyramid are an embedded laser. It means that the inherent capability of the laser inside
the product is higher than when the laser goes out from the product.
Before opening any part of the product, disconnect the AC power. Otherwise you may be exposed to a
10W power class 4 Laser. MINUIT UNE cannot be held responsible if this instruction is not respected.
According to these factors, the operating conditions for these products are:
- To maintain the 3 meter NOHD around the products
- To make sure with technical (barriers) and human (security agents) arrangements that this 3m
distance is kept throughout the entire event
- The laser has to be used by an operator who has the knowledge of the different levels of risk for the
product at every distance. He is in this case competent to provide appropriate assistance and in
charge of the control of the installation. In this case, the operator is the laser safety officer.
If these operating conditions are fulfilled, Minuit Une makes a commitment to the complete
safety of the products M-Pyramide and M-Carré, indoors and outdoors.
If thanks to additive technical control, there is no human access possible to the product at less
than 3 meters, Minuit Une certified that the installation is a class 2.
Aurélien Linz
To know more about the technology
The Minuit Une M1-Laser products (Pyramide or Carré) include a class 3B laser source, but are
different from classic lasers in that the XY stepper scanner is replaced by a single 45° oriented mirror
put into motion with a continuous rotation motor. This motor moves the mirror at very high speeds (20
000 rev. per min., that is 333Hz), which are significantly higher than scanner performances.
Following the IEC 60825-1 norms indications related to the determination of the Nominal Ocular
Hazard Distance (N.O.H.D.), that is the distance at which the radiant exposure is equal to the
maximum allowed exposure (i.e. 1mW) for such a system, we get a 3 meter NOHD.
This distance has been certified by LaserConseil, an independent agency specialized into laser safety.
Furthermore, the continuous rotation of the M1-Laser systems is controlled by a threefold redundant
security (optical, mechanical and electronic) that cuts out the laser as soon as the speed decreases.
The time in which the source is cut is 0.06 seconds tops for the slowest security, i.e. the mechanical
one.
The calculation table is attached to this document, showing the theoretical modelisation of the
technology, matching the measurement.
Future MPE calculation for a pulsed laser with the next IEC 60825 applicable
Measurement at 5 m / 11mm aperture / ADM-1000
!
At 5 meters, the half peak time exposure is 1,5 µs.
For t = 1,5 µs
MPE = 0,002 J/m² => MPEeyes = 7,7 E-08 J
In the Minuit Une technology the divergence is 4,5 mrad. So we are in the case of an extended source
( coefficient C6)
=> MPEsystem = 2,6 E-07 J
At 5 meters, we measure 450mW in a 11mm aperture, in a time exposure of 1,5 µs
P/Smeasured = 4735 W/m²
=>
E = 2,7 E-07 J ~ MPEsystem
Note : with this new way of calculation a laser class 2,
application, is already 3 time the MPE.
authorized for entertainment