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Lesson 2 The Geosphere Predict three facts that will be discussed in Lesson 2 after reading the headings. Write your facts in your Science Journal. Materials in the Geosphere I found this on page Order the layers of Earth material. . Surface Core I found this on page . Characterize minerals. I found this on page . Describe properties used to identify minerals. Property Luster Streak Cleavage Fracture 136 The Earth System Description Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Minerals Lesson 2 | The Geosphere (continued) I found this on page . I found this on page . Explain why calcite is more likely to interact with other minerals than is quartz. Compare and contrast rocks and minerals. Mineral Both Rock Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. naturally occurring solids I found this on page . Distinguish 3 main types of rocks. Type Description Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary I found this on page . Infer why it is important to protect soil. The Earth System 137 Lesson 2 | The Geosphere (continued) I found this on page . Assess how interactions among all Earth systems occur in soil. I found this on page . Differentiate layers of soil. B-horizon C-horizon Description A-horizon Structure of the Geosphere I found this on page Describe the structure of the geosphere below Earth’s crust. . Layer Description Density Lower mantle Outer core Inner core I found this on page . Relate the density of material in Earth’s layers to the structure of the geosphere. through pulled toward . 138 The Earth System Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Upper mantle Lesson 2 | The Geosphere (continued) I found this on page . Characterize Earth’s crust. Most common elements: • Definition: • • Earth’s Crust Two types: • • • • • • • I found this on page . Define Earth’s mantle. I found this on page . Contrast the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lithosphere I found this on page . Asthenosphere Identify differences in the layers of Earth’s core. Layer State Outer Core solid or liquid Why? Inner Core solid or liquid Why? (circle and explain) Connect It Describe the main difference between the core and the other layers of the geosphere. Then describe a characteristic of soil that distinguishes it from other materials in the geosphere. The Earth System 139 Review The Earth System Chapter Wrap-Up Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have learned. Complete the final column in the chart on the first page of the chapter. Use this checklist to help you study. Complete your Foldables® Chapter Project. Study your Science Notebook on this chapter. Study the definitions of vocabulary words. Reread the chapter, and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations. Review the Understanding Key Concepts at the end of each lesson. Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter. Summarize It Reread the chapter Big Idea and the lesson Key Concepts. Summarize how Earth’s systems drive changes on and beneath Earth’s surface. Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Challenge Make a three-dimensional model cross-section of Earth. Include not only the layers of the geosphere, but also represent the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. Share your model with your class. 140 The Earth System