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Infinitives Notes PSA
Infinitives
- They are a verbal noun
- In English, they are to + the verb
- To jump
- To kick
- To boldly go
- In Latin, they are one word, and are used as the
second principal part : ambulo, ambulare
- Can be used as a noun in a sentence
- Errare humanum est.
- Often paired with other verbs to express more
complex ideas
- Volo edere pizzam - I want to eat pizza
- Cogito me posse – I think (that) I can
Verbs- 3rd io conjugation
- 3rd io verbs are a variant of the 3rd conjugation
- Identify by –io and –ere endings
- Facio, facere
- 3rd-io’s look EXACTLY like the 4th conjugation
except for a few instances:
I. The infinitive form
- Capio, capere
II. Commands/Imperative mood
- Accipio, accipere = (Imp mood) Accipe, accipite
III. Whenever the 3rd conj. normally would follow an
exception to a rule, the 3rd-io often does so too.
Conjunctions
Cum
- “When”
-
- Yes, it can mean “When”
Ok, don’t panic
When you see “Cum” without an ablative
immediately following it… then it means “When”
This is called a Cum Clause
There are other ways to translate Cum, but they are
not a concern until we learn more about the
Subjunctive mood
Sum, esse
Notes- Very common verb
- Very irregular verb
Number
Singular
Plural
Sum
Sumus
Es
Estis
Est
Sunt
Person
st
1
nd
2
rd
3
Possum, Posse
Notes- Usually paired with an infinitive form of another verb
- Creates the phrase: can ________ or is able to _________
- Looks like sum, esse
Number
Singular
Plural
Possum
Possumus
Potes
Potestis
Potest
Possunt
Person
st
1
nd
2
rd
3
Volō, velle
Notes- Usually paired with an infinitive form of another verb to
create the phrase:
want to ___________
Number
Singular
Plural
volo
volumus
vis
vultis
vult
volunt
Person
st
1
nd
2
rd
3
Nolō, nelle
Notes- Usually paired with an infinitive form of another verb
to create the phrase: do not want to ___________
- Used to make negative commands: Noli + infinitive
- Noli curre! “Don’t run!”
Noli dicere! “Don’t talk!”
Number
Singular
Plural
nolo
nolumus
non vis
non vultis
non vult
nolunt
Person
st
1
nd
2
rd
3